Mechanical properties and network structure of phenol resin crosslinked hydrogenated acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber

Abstract

The tough and stretchable crosslinked hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR) could be prepared by resol type phenol resin as a crosslinker. The mechanical properties and the network structure of the phenol resin crosslinked HNBR were investigated by comparing with those of the peroxide crosslinked HNBR having the higher crosslink density and the heterogeneous network structure. The elastic modulus and the strain at break of the phenol resin crosslinked HNBR were much higher than those of the peroxide one. The residual strain was below 20 % after stretching up to 650 % and then releasing from the cramps. Since the crosslink density is low, the high elastic modulus and the good recovery deformation are attributed to the stiffness and rigidity of the crosslink junctions obtained by phenol resin. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements revealed that the network structure is spatially homogeneous and the results of the wide angle X-ray diffraction indicate that the strain-induced crystallization is suppressed, which enable the longer elongation.

Phenolic resin‐crosslinked natural rubber/clay nanocomposites: Influence of clay loading and interfacial adhesion on strain‐induced crystallization behavior

“…The OP values of the crystal component in the PhOH‐NR and PhOH‐NRNCs at different strains obtained from azimutual scanning of the equatorial (200) reflection was estimated by using the Hermann orientation parameter, f , as shown in the following equations, where θ is the azimuthal angle from the stretching direction and I c (0) is the diffraction intensity of crystal component at 0. I c (θ) was obtained by subtracting the minimum scattering intensity in the azimuthal scattering profile as the scattering intensity of the amorphous component from the original WAXD intensity . The absolute values of OP in the PhOH‐NR and PhOH‐NRNCs increased with increasing strain, suggesting that the orientation of NR chain increased as the applied strain was increased.…”

“…I c (h) was obtained by subtracting the minimum scattering intensity in the azimuthal scattering profile as the scattering intensity of the amorphous component from the original WAXD intensity. 30,31 The absolute values of OP in the PhOH-NR and PhOH-NRNCs increased with increasing strain, suggesting that the orientation of NR chain increased as the applied strain was increased. The absolute OP values of the PhOH-NRNCs were greater than that of the PhOH-NR at any given strain, and they increased upon increased incorporated clay.…”

The effect of hydrocarbon ageing on the mechanical properties, apparent crosslink density and CO2 diffusion of a hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR)

“…The mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance properties of elastomers in general can be tailored to suit the application by selecting suitable base chemistries, incorporating various additives and fillers [1e8] and (for crosslinked elastomers) by applying appropriate curing processes [9,10]. While some general statements can be made about the relationships between composition and performance of polymer products, it is difficult to predict behaviour in real applications which experience complex mechanical loads in aggressive chemical environments.…”

Wear resistance, oil resistance, morphology and vulcanization performances of ethylene-vinyl acetate/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites

“…It is strictly influenced the properties due to the presence of the heterogeneous network structure with densely crosslinked region and loosely crosslinked one, such as low tensile and tear strength. That is all as well as its physical and chemical properties, which easily leads to its unsatisfactory wear resistance [7][8][9][10]. Thus, the oil resistance is still not high enough despite of the high VA content in EVM [11].…”