Mechanical Properties and Reliability of Parametrically Designed Architected Materials Using Urethane Elastomers

Morita, Jun; Ando, Yoshihiko; Komatsu, Sadao; Matsumura, Kazunori; Okazaki, Taisuke; Asano, Yoshihiro; Nakatani, Masashi; Tanaka, Hiroya

doi:10.3390/polym13050842

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…EVA decreased the forefoot pressure by about 37% during walking in people with DM (Figure 3 and Table 5). The EVA insole, a foam-based material that provides high resilience, is excellent for reusing mechanical energy at the forefoot on the push-off phase during walking [44,88,89]. The typical rebound resilience of polyethylene foam ranged from about 30% to 40% [90].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds

et al. 2021

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Among people with diabetes mellitus (DM), the two common strategies for decreasing peak plantar pressure (PPP) to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) risks are to modify walking speeds and to change insole materials. This study reviewed the PPP reduction based on various walking speeds and insole materials. The articles were retrieved from four major scientific databases and manual search. We identified 1585 articles, of which 27 articles were selected for full-text analysis. We found that in faster walking speeds, the forefoot PPP was higher (308 kPa) than midfoot (150 kPa) and rearfoot (251 kPa) PPP. The appropriate walking speed for reducing the forefoot PPP was about 6 km/h for non-DM and 4 km/h for DM people. The forefoot PPP in DM people was 185% higher than that of non-DM people. Ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) insole material was the most popular material used by experts (26%) in the forefoot and reduced 37% of PPP. In conclusion, the suitable walking speed for DM was slower than for non-DM people, and EVA was the most common insole material used to decrease the PPP under the forefoot. The clinicians might recommend DM people to walk at 4 km/h and wear EVA insole material to minimize the DFUs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds

et al. 2021

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“…Metal lattice structures prepared by selective laser melting were widely investigated for the application of lightweight aeronautical and aerospace parts. 47,48 Polymeric lattice structures were manufactured by FDM, 49−53 SLS, 44,45 DLP, 54,55 SLA, 56,57 and DIW. 58,59 The effects of various lattice structures and their parameters on mechanical performance, energy absorption, and failure mechanisms/modes were mainly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Laser Sintering for Electrically Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composites with Self-Healing Lattice Structures

Ouyang

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Developing flexible elastomer composites for sensors and effective fabrication methods is of great significance. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-wrapped poly(dimethylsiloxane) covalent adaptable networks (PDMS-CANs) composite powders were prepared through a liquid-phase deposition and adsorption process and used for selective laser sintering (SLS) three-dimensional (3D) printing. The electrically conductive PDMS composite parts with self-healing lattice structures were printed. Ingeniously utilizing the quasi-static processing characteristic of SLS printing, the conductive segregated SWCNT networks are in situ formed in PDMS-CANs during the printing process, showing an ultralow percolation threshold of 0.007 wt %. Due to the photothermal and electrothermal effects of SWCNTs, the composites possess multifunctions including crack diagnosis and self-healing triggered by heat, electricity, or light. To demonstrate the potential application, the SLS-printed SWCNTs@PDMS-CANs strain sensors with various lattice structures were designed and SLS-printed. Their strain sensitivity is compared and analyzed by finite element modeling. The results show that the TPMS Schwartz structure possesses the highest sensitivity due to the concentrated localized strain.

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“…[34,35] However, elastomer foams lack structural integrity under cyclic loading. [35][36][37] Furthermore, architected elastomers boast programmable properties like mechanical flexibility and effective permittivity; the microstructure of architected elastomers can also be spatially varied for local control of effective properties. [38,39] The ability to tune these architected elastomers merits the investigation of their utility for FHE applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Elastomer Architectures with Strain‐Tunable Permittivity

O’Neill

Sessions

Arora

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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than their intrinsic material constituents. Metamaterials concepts have been demonstrated in diverse fields, including electromagnetics, acoustics, mechanics and others, exhibiting novel properties such as negative refractive index, perfect absorption, and auxetic behavior. [1][2][3][4][5] Further, metamaterials can be designed with flexible and reconfigurable substrates to achieve physically tunable responses. For instance, several examples of origami and deployable structures exhibit adaptive electromagnetic resonance tuning through physical deformation. [6][7][8][9][10] Strain-tunable dielectric materials and composites are a growing research field with recent demonstrations in optical and millimeter wave regimes. [11,12] For instance, Meerbeek et al., described the macroscopic shape of a porous elastomeric foam by measuring the shift in light reflected internally by its cellular voids during bending and twisting. [11] Zhang et al., synthesized a graphene foam with tunable microwave absorption via solid matrix densification during physical compression. [13] Additional mechanisms for strain-tuning dielectric properties include the use of permanent or induced dipoles at the molecular level; and the distribution of voids and inclusions in host matrices. [14][15][16] Elastomeric metamaterials present a deformation-based tuning strategy for regulating local periodicity and effective dielectric properties. This strategy is particularly useful in deformable electromagnetic devices where the feature size of the dielectric architecture is electrically small and physical reconfiguration of the dielectric structure will facilitate localized and controllable tuning. [14] Materials with mechanically reconfigurable dielectric properties can help address these inherent challenges for flexible hybrid electronics (FHEs) and adaptive communication devices.Elastomers have previously been leveraged for mechanical metamaterials, which are a subset of metamaterial designs with periodic architectures whose elements rotate, buckle, fold, or snap under an external load. [17] Mechanical instabilities present in many of these structures allow their rapid transformation under relatively low strains. They demonstrate unique properties like auxetic behavior, energy absorption, multistability, and nonlinear elastic properties. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] The transformation of these mechanical structures provides a straightforward tuning mechanism for surrounding wave properties in optical, acoustic, and Flexible hybrid electronic (FHE) materials and devices exploit the interaction of mechanical and electromagnetic properties to operate in new form factors and loading environments, which are key for advancing wearable sensors, flexible antennas, and soft robotic skin technologies. Dielectric elastomer (DE) architectures offer a novel substrate material for this application space as they are a class of strain-tolerant and programmable metamaterials that derive their mechanical and dielectric properties from their architecture. Due to the...

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Mechanical Properties and Reliability of Parametrically Designed Architected Materials Using Urethane Elastomers

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds

A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds

Selective Laser Sintering for Electrically Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composites with Self-Healing Lattice Structures

Dielectric Elastomer Architectures with Strain‐Tunable Permittivity

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