Mechanical Properties of a Single Cancellous Bone Trabeculae Taken From Bovine Femur

Abstract

The increase of patients with osteoporosis is becoming a social problem, thus it is an urgent issue to find its prevention and treatment methods. Since cancellous bone is metabolically more active than cortical bone, cancellous bone is often used for diagnosis of osteoporosis and has received much attention within the study of bone. Bone is a hierarchically structured material and its mechanical properties vary at different structural levels, therefore it is important to break down the mechanical testing of bone according to the various levels within bone material. Mechanical properties of cancellous bone is said to be depended on quantities and orientation of trabecular bone. It is supposed that mechanical properties of trabecular bone are constant without depending on any structural arrangement and parts. However, such assumption has not been established in studies of trabecular bone. Furthermore test results have a large margin of error caused by insufficient shape assessment. In this study, three point bending tests of single cancellous bone trabeculae extracted from bovine femur were conducted to evaluate the effects of directions to the femur major axis direction on the mechanical properties. X-ray μCT was used to obtain shape of trabecular bone specimens. Furthermore compression tests of cancellous bone specimens, which were extracted in 10mm cubic geometry, were conducted for evaluation of directional properties.There were small difference in the elastic modulus of the trabecular bones which were extracted in parallel and in perpendicular to the major axis of femur. Considering from the results that the cancellous bone specimens, which were extracted in 10mm cubic geometry, have different elastic properties depending on the tested directions; the bone structure has larger influence than bone material property on the mechanical properties of cancellous bone.

Evaluation on mechanical properties of a single trabecular in bovine femur

“…It is estimated that the bending strength of trabecular bone does not depend on the orientation of cancellous bone. On the other hand, it was reported that for compression test in the X, Y and Z axis direction of the cancellous bone, there was a significant difference to elastic modulus and to the orientation of the trabecular bone that make up the cancellous bone [9]. According to the reported results and our study, structural parameters of trabecular bone such as thickness, weight, orientation and connectivity rather than characteristics of the trabecular is related to the anisotropy of the cancellous bone structure.…”

“…Side polishing was performed by using the sandpaper (600grit) to form the width of 250μm of trabecular bone. Cantilever jig (Jig A, shown in fig.3) [9] and Both ends supported jig (Jig B, shown in Fig.4) were used to support specimens duting polishing. Three dimension images of each trabecular bone specimen (3D images) was obtained by using micro focus X-ray system (Shimadzu, SMX-160CTS).…”

Harnessing the Potential of PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Bone Regeneration

“…PLGA holds great potential in BTE; however, a key challenge involves precisely adjusting its mechanical properties to match those of the surrounding tissue. The Young’s modulus of pure PLGA is 2 GPa [ 59 , 60 ], whereas the Young’s modulus of human bones varies due to factors such as anatomical location, measurement techniques, measuring conditions (wet or dry), and test direction [ 61 ]. Some literature indicates Young’s modulus ranging between 10–20 GPa and 23–26 GPa for human cancellous and cortical bones, respectively [ 62 ].…”

Harnessing the Potential of PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Bone Regeneration

“…PLGA holds great potential in BTE, however, a key challenge involves precisely adjusting its mechanical properties to match those of the surrounding tissue. The Young's modulus of pure PLGA is 2 GPa [59,60], whereas the Young's modulus of human bones varies due to factors such as anatomical location, measurement techniques, measuring conditions (wet or dry), and test direction [61]. Some literature indicated Young's modulus ranging between 10-20 GPa and 23-26 GPa for human cancellous and cortical bone respectively [6].…”