Mechanical properties of acrylate-grafted henequen cellulose fibers and their application in composites

Canché‐Escamilla, G.; Cauich-Cupul, J.I.; Mendizábal, Eduardo; Puig, J. E.; Vázquez‐Torres, Humberto; Herrera‐Franco, Pedro J.

doi:10.1016/s1359-835x(98)00116-x

Cited by 72 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…(Agrawal et al, 2000;Canché-Escamilla et al, 1999). Plant fibres are becoming an economic and ecological alternative as reinforcement and bulk agents in plastics, since these fibres can gradually substitute for the synthetic fibres regarded as traditional materials (for example, glass fibre), thus opening up new market possibilities for agricultural countries (Nothenberg, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a phenolic resin and sugar cane pulp composite

Leite

Pires

Souza

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-Polymeric materials are increasingly replacing metallic materials as a result of their properties. In this work a composite of phenolic resin and sugar cane pulp was developed. The sugar cane pulp has been previously alkalinised, dried, and milled and the particles had been classified in a range of grain sizes. Experimental assays were performed, varying the proportion of the resin and the reinforcement and the size of the cane pulp fibre, keeping the pressure and moulding temperature constant. These composites were characterised according to physical and chemical properties, through test bodies produced in moulds according to ASTM standards. The experiments performed showed that the use of sugar cane pulp as reinforcement in polymeric composites represents an option for reducing costs in industrial applications, thus suggesting a significant industrial applicability of the product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a phenolic resin and sugar cane pulp composite

Leite

Pires

Souza

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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“…Loss of material in these samples is due to abrasion and frictional heat generated due to sliding, which enhances further on increasing the load. [23][24][25][26][27] Tensile Strength…”

Section: Moisture Absorbance Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composites reinforced with raw flax, Flax-g-poly(MMA/AA) and Flax-g-poly(MMA/AN) can bear load upto 150 N with extension of 2.17 mm, 2.23 mm and 2.37 mm, respectively. Phenolformaldehyde matrix gets failure at 75 N with extension of 1.88 mm [23][24][25][26][27] (Table V). Flax-g-poly(MMA/AA) reinforcement 6 8 11 13 Figure 13.…”

Section: Moisture Absorbance Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composites reinforced with Flax-g-poly(MMA/EA) and Flax-g-poly(MMA/ AN) also showed better compressive strength and can bear load upto 800 N/mm 2 with compression of 1.63 mm and 1.87 mm, respectively in comparison to composites reinforced with raw flax and phenol-formaldehyde matrix which gets failure at 400 N and 200 N with compression of 1.18 mm and 0.62 mm, respectively. [23][24][25][26][27] Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity and Stress at the Limit of Proportionality Table VII shows the results of the MOR, MOE and SP for flax fiber and graft co-polymers reinforced composites. MOR for phenol-formaldehyde and composites reinforced with Flax fiber has been found to be 36 and 72 N/mm 2 , respectively.…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical properties of composites reinforced with acrylate grafted henequen cellulosics fibers were studied and found that best results obtained with poly(MMA) grafted cellulose fibers because of better fiber-matrix adhesion. 27 Since the use of graft copolymers of natural fibers as reinforcement for plastics is meagerly reported and flax fibers are rich source of cellulose and are expected to provide an excellent material for their use in the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde composites. So, in the present paper, we report the preparation of composites from graft copolymers of flax fibers using phenol-formaldehyde as the binding material.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Grafting of Flax Fiber (Linum usitatissimum) with Vinyl Monomers for Enhancement of Properties of Flax-Phenolic Composites

Kaith¹,

Kalia²

2007

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Binary vinyl monomers such as methylmethacrylate (MMA)/Ethylacrylate (EA), MMA/Acrylonitrile (AN) and MMA/Acrylic acid (AA) have been graft co-polymerized onto flax fibers under the influence of microwave radiations (MWR). Various reaction parameters have been optimized and maximum grafting (25%) was observed in reaction time of 30 min at 210 W microwave power. Flax-g-copolymers thus prepared were used as reinforcing material in the preparation of flax-phenolic composites. Wear resistance was maximum with reinforcement of Flax-gpoly(MMA/AA). Composites reinforced with Flax-g-poly(MMA/EA) showed better tensile strength and can bear load upto 225 N with extension of 3.28 mm and composites reinforced with Flax-g-poly(MMA/AA) showed better compressive strength and can bear load upto 1000 N with compression of 1.74 mm. Maximum values of MOR, MOE and SP were found to be 108.0 N/mm 2 , 5295.62 N/mm 2 and 99.29 N/mm 2 for the composites reinforced with Flax-g-poly-(MMA/AA). On grafting of flax fibers with vinyl monomers, fibers become more and more moisture retardant. It has been found that strength of Flax-g-copolymers was found more than that of raw flax fibers. Flax-g-poly(MMA/ AA) has been found to show good thermal stability in comparison to other graft co-polymers and raw flax fibers. Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) composites reinforced with graft co-polymers of flax fibers showed better mechanical properties in comparison to composites reinforced with raw flax fibers. Composites reinforced with Flax-g-poly(MMA/AA) showed the increased values of MOR, MOE and SP.

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Analytical Evidence

and

Ray

2008

Polymer Grafting and Crosslinking

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Mechanical properties of acrylate-grafted henequen cellulose fibers and their application in composites

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Characterisation of a phenolic resin and sugar cane pulp composite

Characterisation of a phenolic resin and sugar cane pulp composite

Grafting of Flax Fiber (Linum usitatissimum) with Vinyl Monomers for Enhancement of Properties of Flax-Phenolic Composites

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