Mechanical properties of nanomaterials: A review

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>As an emerging material, nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their small size, surface effect and quantum tunneling effect, as well as potential applications in traditional materials, medical devices, electronic devices, coatings and other industries. Herein, the influence of nanoparticle selection, production process, grain size, and grain boundary structures on the mechanical properties of nanomaterials is introduced. The current research progress and application range of nano-materials are presented. The unique properties of nano-materials make them superior over traditional materials. Therefore, nanomaterials will have a broader application prospect in the future. Research on nanomaterials is significant for the development and application of materials science.</jats:p>

Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (Pennisetum purpureum)

“…From previous studies, nanocellulose fibers have been successfully extracted from cellulose sourced from softwood [ 18 ], cotton [ 8 , 19 , 20 ], roselle [ 21 ], jute fiber [ 22 ], banana peel [ 23 , 24 ], and bamboo [ 25 ]. Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge that cellulose characteristics, such as the structural morphology, degree of crystallinity, degree of polymerisation, and size, depend upon the source from which the cellulose was extracted and not just on the extraction method employed [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Recent Progress in Nanomaterial Enabled Chemical Sensors for Wearable Environmental Monitoring Applications

“…There are several dimensions of the mechanical properties of a nanomaterial including brittleness, hardness, strength, toughness, plasticity, elasticity, fatigue strength, rigidity, ductility, and yield stress. [168] From these dimensions, different types of nanomaterials consist of different combinations of properties such as metal-based nanomaterials usually possess all the mentioned characteristics while a nonmetallic inorganic nanomaterial lacks elasticity, plasticity, ductility, or toughness features and an organic-based nanomaterial usually lacks rigidity and brittleness.…”

“…This includes nanoparticle selection, production process, grain size, and grain boundary structure. [168] Usually, the doping of nanoparticles improves the mechanical properties of a nanomaterial. [169] However, a careful selection of nanoparticles is necessary along with their amount, size, and ratio for nanocomposites because sometimes it can degrade the material's mechanical properties.…”

“…[170,171] The parameters of the production process that affects the mechanical properties of a nanomaterial include the method, temperature, nanoparticle dosage, treatment time, and ratio. [168] As the nanomaterials are composed of nanograins, the size of that grain is one of the major parameters affecting their mechanical properties. [172] Several studies have been conducted to investigate the correlation between the nanograin size and mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials.…”

“…[173][174][175] Besides the grain size, the grain boundaries also have effects on the mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials because of their high volume fraction compare to microscale or traditional materials. [168] Usually, the structural and chemical bonding properties as well as the denseness of grain boundaries influence the mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials.…”