Mechanical properties of teak wood flour‐reinforced HDPE composites

Sewda, Kamini; Maiti, Sukumar

doi:10.1002/app.29696

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The tensile elongation at break values declined sharply with the addition of the SSC flour (Table III). This result was good consistent with previous studies 26–28. The most reduction in the elongation at break was observed for the composites filled with 60 wt % SSC flour (437% of the neat polypropylene) because the composite became stiffer when the amount of lignocellulosic filler was increased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This result was good consistent with previous studies. [26][27][28] The most reduction in the elongation at break was observed for the composites filled with 60 wt % SSC flour (437% of the neat polypropylene) because the composite became stiffer when the amount of lignocellulosic filler was increased. Although the coupling agent had no significant effect on the elongation at break, the coupled composites showed higher elongation at break than ones without MAPP.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sunflower seed cake as reinforcing filler in thermoplastic composites

Ayrılmış¹,

Kaymakçı²,

Özdemir³

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Dimensional stability, mechanical properties, and melting and crystallization behavior of polypropylene composites filled with sunflower seed cake (SSC) were investigated. Injection molded composites were prepared from the SSC flour and polypropylene with and without maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (MAPP) at 30, 40, 50, and 60 wt % contents of the SSC flour. Twenty‐eight days thickness swelling and water absorption values of the specimens increased by 43 and 56% as the filler content increased from 30 to 60 wt %, respectively. The flexural modulus of the polypropylene composites increased from 3157 to 4363 MPa as the SSC flour increased from 30 to 60 wt %. The maximum flexural strength 38.4 MPa was observed for 40 wt % SSC flour filled specimens. However, further increment in the SCC flour decreased the flexural strength to 31.4 MPa. The tensile strength of the specimens decreased from 22.5 to 14 MPa while the tensile modulus increased from 3023 to 3677 MPa as the SSC flour increased from 30 to 60 wt %. The dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the composites were significantly improved by the incorporation of the coupling agent (MAPP). The effect of the MAPP addition was more pronounced for the strength than for the modulus. The melting temperature and degree of crystallinity of the neat polypropylene decreased with increasing content of the SSC flour. The degree of crystallinity of filled composites considerably increased with the incorporation of the MAPP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunflower seed cake as reinforcing filler in thermoplastic composites

Ayrılmış¹,

Kaymakçı²,

Özdemir³

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Although it is commonly expected that nanofillers act only as heterogeneous nucleation sites, increasing the crystalline content of PE matrix, a steric hindrance effect of nanofillers on chain ordering, resulting in reduction of the crystallinity degree of PE has been reported [62,[64][65][66]. The hindrance effect of MWCNT [65], pristine and organofilized MMT [62], nanoSiO 2 and functionalized nano-SiO 2 [62] and teak wood flour [66] on crystallization of PE is explained by the obstruction of fillers in PE chain ordering. Our results suggest that the same steric hindrance mechanism is responsible for the small reduction of the degree of crystallinity in the PE matrix when VTMS-g-Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 is added.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al2Mo3O12/polyethylene composites with reduced coefficient of thermal expansion

et al. 2014

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Recently, polymer composites reinforced with low fractions of thermomiotic nanoceramics have triggered a lot of research. The efforts have been focused on achieving considerable reduction of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of polymeric materials without deterioration of other physical properties. In this context, polyethylene (PE) composites reinforced with different loads of Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 nanofillers (0.5-4 mass %) were fabricated by micro-compounding. To enhance the interfacial interaction between the two components, chemical functionalization of Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 was performed with vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) prior to micro-compounding. Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry demonstrated the successful grafting of VTMS on the Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 surface. The composites showed strongly decreased CTEs, up to 46 % reduction for loadings of 4 mass % compared with neat PE, suggesting intimate filler-matrix interactions. The variation of CTEs of the composites in terms of the filler fraction was successfully described by Turner's model allowing calculation of the bulk modulus of monoclinic Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 (13.6 ± 2.6 GPa), in agreement with the value obtained by an ultrasonic method. The thermal stability of the composites was improved, although the addition of functionalized fillers decreased the degree of crystallinity of the PE to a small extent. The Young's modulus and yield strength of the composites increased from 6.6 to 19.1 % and 4.0-6.0 %, respectively, supporting the existence of strong filler-matrix interactions, contributing to an efficient load transfer. Finite element analysis of thermal stresses Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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“…This fact leads to a lack of particle-filler interactions which, in turn, has a key role in stress concentration phenomena. 36 Moreover, particle aggregates also contribute to stress concentration with a negative effect on cohesive properties such as elongation at break. formation and growth rate, filler particle size, etc.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of green composites from bio‐based polyethylene and peanut shell

Garcia‐Garcia

Carbonell‐Verdu

Jordá‐Vilaplana

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In the present work, different compatibilizers, namely polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) and polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene-graft-maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) were used on green composites derived from biobased polyethylene and peanut shell flour to improve particle-polymer interaction. Composites of high-density polyethylene/peanut shell powder (HDPE/PNS) with 10 wt% peanut shell flour were compatibilized with 3 wt% of the abovementioned compatibilizers. As per the results, PP-g-MA copolymer lead to best optimized properties as evidenced by mechanical characterization. In addition, best particle-matrix interface interactions with PP-g-MA were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently HDPE/PNS composites with varying peanut shell flour content in the 5 -30 wt% range with PP-g-MA compatibilizer were obtained by melt extrusion and compounding followed by injection molding and were characterized by mechanical, thermal and morphological techniques. The results showed that peanut shell powder, leads to an increase in mechanical resistant properties (mainly, flexural modulus and strength) while a decrease in mechanical ductile properties i.e. elongation at break and impact absorbed energy is observed with increasing peanut shell flour content. Furthermore, peanut shell flour provides an increase in thermal stability due to the natural antioxidant properties of peanut shell. In particular, composites containing 30 wt% peanut shell powder present a flexural strength 24% and a flexural modulus 72% higher than the unfilled polyethylene and the thermo-oxidative onset degradation temperature is increased from 232 ºC up to 254 ºC thus indicating a marked thermal stabilization effect. Resultant composites can show a great deal of potential as base materials for wood plastic composites.3

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Mechanical properties of teak wood flour‐reinforced HDPE composites

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Sunflower seed cake as reinforcing filler in thermoplastic composites

Sunflower seed cake as reinforcing filler in thermoplastic composites

Al2Mo3O12/polyethylene composites with reduced coefficient of thermal expansion

Development and characterization of green composites from bio‐based polyethylene and peanut shell

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