Mechanical properties of tricalcium phosphate-fluorapatite-alumina composites

Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials Based on Calcium Phosphates and Bioinert Oxides for Applications in Biomedicine

“…Even so, the major limitation to the use of β-TCP as loadbearing biomaterial is their mechanical properties which make it brittle, with poor fatigue resistance [3,10,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Moreover, the mechanical properties of tricalcium phosphate are generally inadequate for many load-carrying applications (3 MPa -5 MPa) [3,10,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Its poor mechanical behaviour is even more evident when used to make highly porous ceramics and scaffolds.…”

“…Calcium phosphates have been used clinically to repair bone defects for many years. Calcium phosphates such as hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , HAp), fluorapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 F 2 , FAp), tricalcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , TCP), TCP-HAp composites and TCP-FAp composites are used for medical and dental applications [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In general, this concept is determined by advantageous balances of more stable (frequent by hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite) and more resorbable (typically tricalcium phosphate) phases of calcium phosphates, while the optimum ratios depend on the particular applications.…”

Extraction and characterisation of apatite- and tricalcium phosphate-based materials from cod fish bones

“…Other calcium apatites include chlorapatite (ClAp) and fluorapatite (FAp), where chlorine or fluorine atoms replace OH groups in the molecule, respectively. FAp is also used as a biomaterial, often mixed with β-TCP [1,8,9]. ClAp is also a very valuable material for different applications; as an example, if doped with appropriate metals such as europium, it can behave as a phosphor [10].…”

Determination of elastic modulus, tensile strength and fracture toughness of bioceramics using the flattened Brazilian disc specimen: analytical and numerical results

“…9 illustrates the evolution of the mechanical resistance in relation to the percentage of Fap under optimal conditions. According to the work of Bouslama [17], the previously used composites samples reached their optimum at 1300 1C, which justifies our choice of sintering temperature. This is attributed to the influence and effect of Fap in the mechanical resistance of the sintered composites.…”

“…This is attributed to the influence and effect of Fap in the mechanical resistance of the sintered composites. In addition, Fap has good sinterability and mechanical resistance [17]. Ben Ayed et al [13,18,19] have illustrated that the mechanical resistance of Fap increases with temperature and reaches its maximum value at about 14 MPa [13,18,19].…”