Mechanical Simulation of Human Thorax Under Impact

Neathery, Raymond F.; Lobdell, T. E.

doi:10.4271/730982

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The dynamics of the human thorax under impact can be described using the mechanical model [4,5] shown in Fig. 1, where the shaded area represents the vehicle.…”

Section: Thoracic Injury Model and Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Limiting performance of seat belt systems for the prevention of thoracic injuries

Crandall

Cheng

Pilkey

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The theoretically optimal performance of seat belt systems for occupants in automobile frontal crashes is investigated based on a two-mass injury model of the thorax. The performance is measured by thoracic injury criteria which include the maximum chest acceleration, compression and viscous response. The relationship between the best possible performance (limiting performance) of the seat belt system and the distance between the occupant and the interior components of the vehicle is displayed in the form of trade-off curves, which can be used for the evaluation of seat belt performance. The characteristics of the optimal seat belt force and the kinematics of the system are illustrated. The results indicate that the optimal seat belt force is not constant during an impact and that an initial impulse is required. However, constant seat belt force can provide thoracic restraint that is close to the optimal solution.

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“…The dynamics of the human thorax under impact can be described using the mechanical model [4,5] shown in Fig. 1, where the shaded area represents the vehicle.…”

Section: Thoracic Injury Model and Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Limiting performance of seat belt systems for the prevention of thoracic injuries

Crandall

Cheng

Pilkey

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…In the rear block, a laser displacement sensor (Keyence Co., LB-02) is installed to measure the relative displacement between the blocks. The mass of the rear block 3 m is smaller than the contraction scale mass for the constraint of the linear motor. The position of the coil plate is observed using a linear scale, which is installed parallel with magnet plates of the linear motor on the base.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is a force deforming the thorax to the allowable value µ when the spring constant of the thorax is assumed to be 3 k , and it is added in Eq. (8).…”

Section: Journal Of System Design and Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on an Active Seat Belt System

Kawashima

2009

JSDD

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In a car crash, permanent injury can be avoided if deformation of an occupant's rib cage is maintained within the allowable value. In order to realize this condition, the occupant's seat belt tension must be instantaneously adjusted by a feedback control system. In this study, a seat belt tension control system based on the active shock control system is proposed. The semi-active control law used is derived from the sliding mode control method. One advantage of this proposed system is that it does not require a large power actuator because the seat belt tension is controlled by a brake mechanism. The effectiveness is confirmed by numerical simulation using general parameters of a human thorax and a passenger car in a collision scenario with a wall at a velocity of 100 km/h. The feasibility is then confirmed with a control experiment using a scale model of about 1/10 scale. The relative displacement of the thorax model approaches the allowable value smoothly along the control reference and settles near this value. Thus, the proposed seat belt tension control system design is established.

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