Mechanical Stability of the Subtalar Joint After Lateral Ligament Sectioning and Ankle Brace Application

Kamiya, Tomoaki; Kura, Hideji; Suzuki, Daisuke; Fujimiya, Mineko; Yamashita, Toshihiko

doi:10.1177/0363546509339578

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The interosseous ligament is believed to be the most significant ligament in stabilizing the subtalar joint 8, 12, 21, 22. The joint became unstable when it was sectioned in isolation22 and was also found to be unstable in a previous study in which the CFL, cervical ligament, and interosseous talocalcaneal ligament were sectioned, while maintaining the extensor retinaculum in both the frontal and coronal planes 23. Also, the surgical reconstruction of the interosseous ligament has shown that this ligament plays a significant role in stabilizing the subtalar joint 21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lateral ligament sectioning on the stability of the ankle and subtalar joint

Ringleb

Dhakal

Anderson

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Patients with subtalar joint instability are often diagnosed with ankle instability. Only after a prolonged period of time in which a patient does not improve after treatment for ankle instability is subtalar joint instability considered. To develop a clinically relevant method to diagnose subtalar joint instability, the kinematics of the simulated unstable subtalar joint were examined. A 6 degree-of-freedom positioning and loading device was developed. Plantarflexion/dorsiflexion, inversion/eversion, and internal/external rotation were applied individually or as coupled motions along with an anterior/posterior drawer. Kinematic data were collected from sensors attached to the calcaneus, talus, and tibia by keeping all the ligaments intact, and by serially sectioning anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), cervical ligament, and talocalceneal interosseous ligament. Kinematic results were reported using Euler angles. The ATFL and CFL contributed talocrural instability, similar to previous studies. The interosseous ligament was the greatest contributor to subtalar joint stability. The hindfoot motion (calcaneus relative to tibia) showed significant increases in motion when the ankle and/or subtalar joint was made to be unstable. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose subtalar joint instability on physical examination alone. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lateral ligament sectioning on the stability of the ankle and subtalar joint

Ringleb

Dhakal

Anderson

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Observations from large cohorts of athletes corroborate this finding, showing that ankles with previous inversion injuries are more susceptible to future injury than uninjured ankles (McGuine and Keene, 2006; Surve et al, 1994). Athletic tape and braces can stiffen ankles with previous injuries and decrease rates of recurring injuries (Kamiya et al, 2009); however, tape and braces have not been shown to decrease injury rates in uninjured ankles (Calatayud et al, 2014; Verhagen and Bay, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparatory co-activation of the ankle muscles may prevent ankle inversion injuries

DeMers

Hicks

Delp

2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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Ankle inversion sprains are the most frequent acute musculoskeletal injuries occurring in physical activity. Interventions that retrain muscle coordination have helped rehabilitate injured ankles, but it is unclear which muscle coordination strategies, if any, can prevent ankle sprains. The purpose of this study was to determine whether coordinated activity of the ankle muscles could prevent excessive ankle inversion during a simulated landing on a 30-degree incline. We used a set of musculoskeletal simulations to evaluate the efficacy of two strategies for coordinating the ankle evertor and invertor muscles during simulated landing scenarios: planned co-activation and stretch reflex activation with physiologic latency (60-millisecond delay). A full-body musculoskeletal model of landing was used to generate simulations of a subject dropping onto an inclined surface with each coordination condition. Within each condition, the intensity of evertor and invertor co-activity or stretch reflexes were varied systematically. The simulations revealed that strong preparatory co-activation of the ankle evertors and invertors prior to ground contact prevented ankle inversion from exceeding injury thresholds by rapidly generating eversion moments after initial contact. Conversely, stretch reflexes were too slow to generate eversion moments before the simulations reached the threshold for inversion injury. These results suggest that training interventions to protect the ankle should focus on stiffening the ankle with muscle co-activation prior to landing. The musculoskeletal models, controllers, software, and simulation results are freely available online at http://simtk.org/home/ankle-sprains, enabling others to reproduce the results and explore new injury scenarios and interventions.

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“…By controlling the joint's range of motion, the brace can partly reduce the amount of load imposed on the joint muscles, thereby reducing muscle activity [13]. Additionally, brace increases the joint's mechanical stability [14]. By increasing the passive mechanical stability, the brace reduces the need for the active mechanical stability of the joint caused by muscle intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ankle Brace on the Activity and Co-Contraction of Ankle Muscles During Single-Leg Landing

2019

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The results of a few studies about the effects of ankle brace on muscles function during the performance of different tasks are contradictory. Moreover, the effect of brace on the co-contraction of ankle muscles is undiscovered. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of brace usage on the ankle muscles activity and co-contraction during single-leg landing. Methods: Fifteen non-athletic males aged 22.3±1.09 years without any traumatic injury and abnormality of the lower limb participated in this study. Electromyography activity of the ankle muscles (tibialis anterior, lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, peroneus longus and soleus) and muscle co-contraction in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were compared between two single-leg landing conditions, in respect of braced and unbraced ankle. The subjects landed from a 60-cm height bench. For the normalization of electromyography amplitudes, maximum voluntary isometric contractions were recorded for each muscle. Paired Samples t-test was used to compare muscle activities and co-contractions between the two conditions of landing. Results: In general, the activity of selected ankle muscles was reduced in braced condition, compared to the unbraced condition (P<0.001). This reduction was not significant in the gastrocnemius lateralis muscle. In addition, the muscles co-contraction decreased in both directions during landing in braced condition (P<0.05). Discussion: According to the obtained results, ankle brace reduces the activity and cocontraction of ankle joint muscles during landing. These findings can be considered as advantages of using brace, because it could reduce the load imposed on joint and muscles.

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Mechanical Stability of the Subtalar Joint After Lateral Ligament Sectioning and Ankle Brace Application

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of lateral ligament sectioning on the stability of the ankle and subtalar joint

Effects of lateral ligament sectioning on the stability of the ankle and subtalar joint

Preparatory co-activation of the ankle muscles may prevent ankle inversion injuries

Effect of Ankle Brace on the Activity and Co-Contraction of Ankle Muscles During Single-Leg Landing

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