Mechanical transmission and survival of bacterial wilt on enset

Welde-Michael, G; Bobosha, Kidist; Addis, Temesgen; Blomme, Guy; Mekonnen, Solomon Abate; Mengesha, T

doi:10.4314/acsj.v16i1.54349

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Infected soil, vehicles and tools move the blood disease pathogen within plantations and planting material and fruits are capable of spread at long distances (Buddenhagen, 2009). In contrast, the survival period of Xcm bacteria is limited, ranging from 9 to 35 days in plant debris or soil (Mwebaze et al, 2006; Welde-Michael et al, 2008) and saprophytic survival outside the host is limited, due to relatively slow multiplication rates, compared with Ralstonia or Pseudomonas (Biruma et al, 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Diseases of Bananas and Enset: Current State of Knowledge and Integrated Approaches Toward Sustainable Management

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial diseases of bananas and enset have not received, until recently, an equal amount of attention compared to other major threats to banana production such as the fungal diseases black leaf streak (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) and Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense). However, bacteria cause significant impacts on bananas globally and management practices are not always well known or adopted by farmers. Bacterial diseases in bananas and enset can be divided into three groups: (1) Ralstonia-associated diseases (Moko/Bugtok disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and banana blood disease caused by R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis); (2) Xanthomonas wilt of banana and enset, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and (3) Erwinia-associated diseases (bacterial head rot or tip-over disease Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi), bacterial rhizome and pseudostem wet rot (Dickeya paradisiaca formerly E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca). Other bacterial diseases of less widespread importance include: bacterial wilt of abaca, Javanese vascular wilt and bacterial fingertip rot (probably caused by Ralstonia spp., unconfirmed). This review describes global distribution, symptoms, pathogenic diversity, epidemiology and the state of the art for sustainable disease management of the major bacterial wilts currently affecting banana and enset.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Diseases of Bananas and Enset: Current State of Knowledge and Integrated Approaches Toward Sustainable Management

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacterial ooze exudes, when nondry part of the plant is removed. The disease mainly spreads through infected farm tools, infected planting materials (since the plant requires repeated transplanting that damage the corm and roots), animals that fed on infected plants and possibly insects feeding on the foliage (Welde-michael et al, 2008b). Survival of the pathogen is mainly through infected plant debris and infected soil (Mwebaze et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of bacterial wilt (Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum) of enset in Southern Ethiopia

Wolde¹,

Ayalew²,

Chala³

2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enset (Ensete ventricosum) production and productivity is threatened by many biotic and abiotic factors among which bacterial wilt of enset (BWE), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum is one of the major factors. There were no reports on the intensity and distribution of bacterial wilt of enset in South Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Regional State (SNNPRS). Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the distribution and incidence of bacterial wilt of enset in relation to age, altitude and clonal variation in major enset growing districts of South Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Regional State (SNNPRS). Three major enset growing Zones namely Gurage, Hadiya and Sidama were included in the survey. In each Zone, three Districts were selected based on enset production status and altitudinal variation. The disease was detected in all agro ecologies and districts, but in varying extent. Bacterial wilt prevalence and incidence was highest in Hadiya and estimated at 42.22 and 5.56%, respectively, while both disease prevalence and incidence were the lowest (26.67 and 2.86%, respectively) in Sidama. At District level wilt prevalence varied from 6.67% at Aletachiko District to 76.67% at Lemo District. Bacterial wilt incidence also ranged from 0.74% at Aletachiko District to 10.31% at Lemo District. Wilt prevalence and incidence were at the highest (50% and 5.81%, respectively) in the altitude range of 2000-2500 masl. The disease varied according to the crop growth stage, with severe (4.75%) in Cycle 4 (an age greater than 4) and less severe (0.2%) at Cycle 1 (age of less than one year). Highest disease incidence and prevalence (30 and 6.65%) were noted with a plant age of 4-5 years. The disease was highly associated with administrative Zone, District, altitude, number of clones and spacing in a logistic regression model.

show abstract

“…It can cause yield losses of up to 100% (Yemataw et al, 2016) and all cultivated varieties are susceptible (Merga et al, 2019), although some variation in level of susceptibility/tolerance has been reported (Welde-Michael et al, 2008a;Wolde et al, 2016). Control methods available to farmers are limited to basic phytosanitary practices involving the removal of the diseased plants, disinfection of farm tools, and use of clean planting materials (Tadesse et al, 2003;Welde-Michael et al, 2008b). So far they have had little effect in curbing the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The soil fertility and leaf nutrient status in enset gardens in different altitude zones of the Gamo highlands, Ethiopia and inferences for Xanthomonas wilt prevalence

Shara

Swennen

Deckers

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a productive, drought-tolerant and multipurpose food security crop grown in the densely populated Ethiopian highlands. Its production suffers from poor soil fertility management and a bacterial wilt disease caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum. The aim of this study was to assess soil-plant-nutrient variation within enset home gardens over three different altitudes (ranging from 2000–3000 masl) in the Chencha catchment of the Gamo highlands and investigate whether this variation affects disease prevalence. Plant available P, Ca and Mg significantly increase with decreasing elevation but significantly decline with distance from the house. In addition, soil pH, conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC), total N, available K, Mn and Fe levels significantly decline with distance from the house. This indicates that soil fertility factors are influenced by both agro-ecology and farmers' management practices. Moreover, most nutrients reach very high levels in the garden whereas the more distant outfields are severely nutrient deprived. Plant nutrient levels are not correlated to soil nutrient levels except for N. Twenty two percent of the studied farms are symptomatic for bacterial wilt and its prevalence increases with decreasing elevation. Symptomatic gardens have a higher soil pH and available P, K and Ca levels. We conclude that soil fertility management in enset gardens should be optimized in relation to agro-ecological conditions and that both elevation and soil nutrient status need to be considered when developing strategies to curb the current Xanthomonas wilt epidemic.

show abstract

Mechanical transmission and survival of bacterial wilt on enset

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Bacterial Diseases of Bananas and Enset: Current State of Knowledge and Integrated Approaches Toward Sustainable Management

Bacterial Diseases of Bananas and Enset: Current State of Knowledge and Integrated Approaches Toward Sustainable Management

Assessment of bacterial wilt (Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum) of enset in Southern Ethiopia

The soil fertility and leaf nutrient status in enset gardens in different altitude zones of the Gamo highlands, Ethiopia and inferences for Xanthomonas wilt prevalence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About