Mechanics of the Unusual Basilar Membrane in Gerbil

Kapuria, S.; Steele, Charles R.; Puria, Sunil; Shera, Christopher A.; Olson, Elizabeth S.

doi:10.1063/1.3658107

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar behavior has been observed in gerbil with WKB+FF/FB, although the approach has been more successful at fitting both the amplitude and phase for chinchilla and guinea pig 19 20 . The disagreement in phase for gerbil and mouse is suspected to be due to the unusual thickening of the pectinate zone of the BM 47 , which has been ignored in the current study. The power from an OHC has a roughly linear dependence on the wavenumber n (Eq.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss

Wang

Steele

Puria

2016

Sci Rep

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Since the discovery of otoacoustic emissions and outer hair cell (OHC) motility, the fundamental question of whether the cochlea produces mechanical power remains controversial. In the present work, direct calculations are performed on power loss due to fluid viscosity and power generated by the OHCs. A three-dimensional box model of the mouse cochlea is used with a feed-forward/feed-backward approximation representing the organ of Corti cytoarchitecture. The model is fit to in vivo basilar membrane motion with one free parameter for the OHCs. The calculations predict that the total power output from the three rows of OHCs can be over three orders of magnitude greater than the acoustic input power at 10 dB sound pressure level (SPL). While previous work shows that the power gain, or the negative damping, diminishes with intensity, we show explicitly based on our model that OHC power output increases and saturates with SPL. The total OHC power output is about 2 pW at 80 dB SPL, with a maximum of about 10 fW per OHC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss

Wang

Steele

Puria

2016

Sci Rep

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“…The phase at locations near the probe may also be affected by the arched shape of the pectinate zone in gerbil (40,41). It is possible the probe tip is buckling the pectinate arch ( figure 7), leading to the phase delay in the turn 2 data, although there is no conclusive evidence.…”

Section: Phase At Locations Near the Probementioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging forward and Reverse Traveling Waves in the Cochlea

Zosuls

Rupprecht

2018

Preprint

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The presence of forward and reverse traveling wave modes on the basilar membrane has important implications to how the cochlea functions as a filter, transducer, and amplifier of sound. The presence and parameters of traveling waves are of particular importance to interpreting otoacoustic emissions (OAE). OAE are vibrations that propagate out of the cochlea and are measureable as sounds emitted from the tympanic membrane. The interpretation of OAE is a powerful research and clinical diagnostic tool, but OAE use has not reached full potential because the mechanisms of their generation and propagation are not fully understood. Of particular interest and deliberation is whether the emissions propagate as a fluid compression wave or a structural traveling wave. In this study a mechanical probe was used to simulate an OAE generation site and optical imaging was used to measure displacement of the inner hair cell stereocilia of the gerbil cochlea. Inner hair cell stereocilia displacement measurements were made in the radial dimension as a function of their longitudinal location along the length of the basilar membrane in response to a transverse stimulation from the probe. The analysis of the spatial frequency response of the inner hair cell stereocilia at frequencies near the characteristic frequency (CF) of the measurement location suggests that a traveling wave propagates in the cochlear partition simultaneously basal and apical (forward and reverse) from the probe location. The traveling wave velocity was estimated to be 5.9m/s -8m/s in the base (near CF of 29kHz -40kHz) and 1.9m/s -2.4m/s in the second turn (near CF of 2kHz -3kHz). These results suggest that the cochlear partition is capable of supporting both forward and reverse traveling wave modes generated by a source driving the basilar membrane. This suggests that traveling waves in the cochlear partition contribute to OAE propagation. Introduction:

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“…Point stiffness has also been measured in gerbil (in vivo: Olson and Mountain (1994); excised cochlea: Naidu and Mountain (1998); excised hemi-cochlea, with subset in vivo: Emadi et al (2004).) The experimental studies of Gummer et al and Miller were analyzed using models of simple or complex beams, and Steele and colleagues did a detailed computer model of the stiffness of water buffalo BM (Steele, 1999), and more recently of gerbil (Kapuria et al, 2011). In vivo BM stiffness was found through a wide range of frequencies with combined pressure and motion measurements (Dong and Olson, 2009) and with pressure measurements and analysis (Olson, 2001).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Békésy and cochlear mechanics

Olson

Duifhuis²,

Steele

2012

Hearing Research

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Georg Békésy laid the foundation for cochlear mechanics, foremost by demonstrating the traveling wave that is the substrate for mammalian cochlear mechanical processing. He made mechanical measurements and physical models in order to understand that fundamental cochlear response. In this tribute to Békésy we make a bridge between modern traveling wave observations and those of Békésy, discuss the mechanical properties and measurements that he considered to be so important, and touch on the range of computational traveling wave models.

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Mechanics of the Unusual Basilar Membrane in Gerbil

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss

Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss

Imaging forward and Reverse Traveling Waves in the Cochlea

Von Békésy and cochlear mechanics

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