Mechanism and behavior of caffeine sorption: affecting factors

Abstract

Caffeine is one of the emerging pollutants with a diverse chemical composition.

Sustainable hierarchically porous carbons from bio-oil to remove emerging contaminants

“…The pH PZC provides valuable insights as electrostatic and non-electrostatic interactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent surfaces are important parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency. 34,111 It is observed that the synthesis temperature of the materials has a direct relation with the pH PZC . The higher the synthesis temperature, the greater the value of pH PZC , due to the elimination of some oxygenated functional groups in the structure.…”

“…The operational conditions mainly encompass: temperature, sorbate concentration, pH, and solvent nature. 34,111 The synthesized materials were subjected to contact testing with the contaminants PAR, IBU, AMX, EE2, and CAF at 3 and 24 hour intervals under neutral pH conditions (close to 7), as illustrated in Fig. 3A-C.…”

“…According to the literature, the possible mechanisms of caffeine adsorption on HPCs are described such as electrostatic interactions (ion-dipole), dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding and p-p type interactions (aromatic rings with caffeine). 7,111 Fig. 4 illustrates all possible adsorption mechanisms for caffeine.…”

“…The operational conditions mainly encompass: temperature, sorbate concentration, pH, and solvent nature. 34,111…”

“…The pH PZC provides valuable insights as electrostatic and non-electrostatic interactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent surfaces are important parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency. 34,111…”