Mechanism and characteristics of thermal action of HMX explosive mixture containing high-efficiency fuel

Liu, Jiping; Yang, Weiwei; Liu, Ying; Liu, Xiaobo

doi:10.1007/s11431-018-9464-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, some studies have found that metal hydrides can replace metals as better additives to mix with EMs. 6 , 7 Compared with metal power, metal hydrides possess high hydrogen storage capacity and higher combustion heat. Their decomposition can release large amounts of hydrogen, which allows them to release more energy and decline the average molecular weight of the gas in the combustion process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research shows that EMs with high active metal additives have higher detonation and combustion properties. − Commonly used high active metal additives include aluminum, magnesium, boron, and so forth. However, some studies have found that metal hydrides can replace metals as better additives to mix with EMs. , Compared with metal power, metal hydrides possess high hydrogen storage capacity and higher combustion heat. Their decomposition can release large amounts of hydrogen, which allows them to release more energy and decline the average molecular weight of the gas in the combustion process. , Common metal hydrides include MgH 2 , CaH 2 , AlH 3 , and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Zhao

Mei

Zhao³

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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ReaxFF-low-gradient reactive force field with CHONAl parameters is used to simulate thermal decomposition of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) and AlH 3 composite. Perfect AlH 3 and surface-passivated AlH 3 particles were constructed to mix with HMX. The simulation results indicate HMX is adsorbed on the surface of particles to form O–Al and N–Al bonds. The decomposition of HMX and AlH 3 composite is an exothermic reaction without energy barrier, but the decomposition of pure HMX needs to overcome the energy barrier of 133.57 kcal/mol. Active nano-AlH 3 causes HMX to decompose rapidly at low temperature, and the primary decomposition pathway is the rupture of N–O and C–N bonds. Adiabatic simulation shows that the energy release and temperature increase of HMX/AlH 3 is much larger than those of the HMX system. Surface-passivated AlH 3 particles only affect the initial decomposition rate of HMX. In HMX and AlH 3 composites, the strong attraction of Al in AlH 3 to O and the activation of the intermediate reaction by H 2 cause HMX to decompose rapidly. The final decomposition products of pure HMX are H 2 O, N 2 , and CO 2 , and those of HMX/AlH 3 are H 2 O, N 2 , and Al-containing clusters dominated by C–Al. The final gas production shows that the specific impulse of HMX/AlH 3 is larger than that of HMX.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Zhao

Mei

Zhao³

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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“…Due to the high mechanical sensitivity of HMX, in order to improve its safety, HMX was often mixed with many cladding materials to promote the safety of explosives, and has been widely used in the field of mixed explosives or propellants. The literatures [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] explored the effects of RDX, TNT, aluminized hydrides, TKX-50, CL-20 and other substances on the thermal safety, isothermal kinetics, explosion performance, thermal decomposition mechanism, sensitivity and mechanical properties of HMX. It was found that the properties of HMX alteration significantly in their mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Thermal Stability of Octogen and other Energetic Materials (RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB)

et al. 2020

ChemistrySelect

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The Octogen (HMX) and other energetic materials, such as Hexogen (RDX), Trinitrotoluene (TNT), Nitroguanidine (NQ), Polybutylene terephthalate Glycol Ester (PBT), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), and Hydroxy‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) were subjected to linear heating tests by a Microcalorimeter (C600), to obtain thermal decomposition curves. Based on this data, the thermal stability was studied experimentally and theoretically. The decomposition peak and melting peak of RDX were coupled, and the time to reach the maximum weight loss increased with the increase of heating rates. Within a certain experimental error range, the apparent activation energy calculated by different methods was basically consistent in a larger conversion rate range. The thermal stability of other energetic materials, such as RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB in the mixed system of HMX were explored. The results revealed that HMX had salient thermal stability with RDX, PBT and TDI. However, the thermal stability of HMX mixed with TNT, NQ, HTPB and other substances was poor, which promoted the thermal decomposition of each other, resulting in the decrease of thermal decomposition temperature and further decrease of thermal safety of the mixed system. Therefore, HMX should not be placed in the same place as TNT, NQ and HTPB in the actual application process.

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Development of Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Ambient Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: Challenges and Perspectives

2021

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Ammonia is an important chemical and a potential carbon-free hydrogen-storage material. Currently, the industrial synthesis of ammonia is mainly achieved via the Haber-Bosch method, which requires high energy, temperatures, and pressures. An alternative method involves the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), which uses an aqueous solution as a medium and requires mild reaction conditions. The key to the NRR is to select an appropriate catalyst to increase the ammonia yield and Faradic efficiency. With their diverse structures and easy regulation, carbon-based materials can provide abundant active sites for nitrogen absorption and excitation. Moreover, they are abundant, low cost, and readily available, making them promising for use in NRR applications. Accordingly, we review the latest progress in using carbonbased materials in the NRR, and the future development prospects of NRR catalysts are discussed. Finally, challenges and perspectives of the future research of NRR catalysts are provided.

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Mechanism and characteristics of thermal action of HMX explosive mixture containing high-efficiency fuel

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Study on the Thermal Stability of Octogen and other Energetic Materials (RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB)

Development of Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Ambient Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: Challenges and Perspectives

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Mechanism and characteristics of thermal action of HMX explosive mixture containing high-efficiency fuel

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH3): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH3): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Study on the Thermal Stability of Octogen and other Energetic Materials (RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB)

Development of Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Ambient Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: Challenges and Perspectives

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Product

Resources

About

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Accelerated by Nano-Aluminum Hydride (AlH₃): ReaxFF-Lg Molecular Dynamics Simulation