Mechanism for the Inhibition of Fat Digestion by Chitosan and for the Synergistic Effect of Ascorbate

Kanauchi, Osamu; Deuchi, Keiji; Imasato, Youji; Shizukuishi, Mika; Kobayashi, Eiichi

doi:10.1271/bbb.59.786

Cited by 118 publications

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“…56,57 The addition of ascorbic acid to chitosan has been shown to improve the latter's ability to bind to dietary fats and inhibit their digestion. 34,35 This synergistic effect is attributed to the ability of ascorbic acid to reduce the viscosity of chitosan in the stomach, increase the oil-holding capacity of chitosan, and reduce the likelihood of trapped fat escaping the chitosan gel. 35 Other herbal compounds, such as fenugreek and G sylvestre, also may induce body weight and/or fat loss through various mechanisms.…”

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34,35 This synergistic effect is attributed to the ability of ascorbic acid to reduce the viscosity of chitosan in the stomach, increase the oil-holding capacity of chitosan, and reduce the likelihood of trapped fat escaping the chitosan gel. 35 Other herbal compounds, such as fenugreek and G sylvestre, also may induce body weight and/or fat loss through various mechanisms. Fenugreek is an annual herb cultivated in southern Europe, northern Africa, and India.…”

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…* References 27,34,35,37,38,[44][45][46][47]50,[51][52][53]59. We hypothesized that the blend of glucomannan, chitosan, fenugreek, G sylvestre, and vitamin C in the dietary supplement we studied would have a synergic effect, possibly due to increased gel formation, resulting in delayed digestion and prolonged transit time in the stomach. Prolonged transit time theoretically would allow chitosan to bind an increased amount of fat and could possibly result in a greater percentage of lipids being trapped and malabsorbed.…”

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of ascorbic acid to chitosan has been shown to improve the ability of chitosan to bind to dietary fats and inhibit their digestion. 34,35 Other herbal compounds, such as fenugreek and G sylvestre, also may induce body weight and/or fat loss in humans through several mechanisms. Among the various constituents found in fenugreek seeds, their fiber and amino acid components have been shown to exhibit blood glucose-lowering activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the assessment of the potential for this product to aid in body weight loss of obese subjects, the influence of this nutraceutical on upper abdominal, waist, and hip circumference; heart rate; and blood pressure was investigated. Waist circumference and body fat percentage were of particular interest because some reports [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] indicate that they are better predictors of cardiovascular disease than either body mass index (BMI) or waist-to-hip ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Stimulant-Free Dietary Supplement on Body Weight and Fat Loss in Obese Adults: A Six-Week Exploratory Study

Woodgate¹,

Conquer²

2003

Current Therapeutic Research

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Background: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and stroke. Stimulants, such as ephedrine and caffeine and their herbal counterparts, have proved effective in facilitating body weight loss, but their use is controversial due to their undesired effects. Other nutraceuticals have shown moderate success in reducing body weight, whereas several other compounds have demonstrated little or no effect. Therefore, a tolerable and effective nutraceutical that can increase energy expenditure and/or decrease caloric intake is desirable for body weight reduction.Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to assess the tolerability and effectiveness of a novel, stimulant-free, dietary supplement containing glucomannan, chitosan, fenugreek, Gymnema sylvestre, and vitamin C on body weight and fat loss and change in body composition in obese adults.Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study conducted at the University of Guelph (Guelph, Ontario, Canada), obese adults (aged 20-50 years; body mass index [BMI], ≥30 kg/m 2 ) were randomized to the treatment or placebo group. The treatment group received 6 capsules of a dietary supplement containing a proprietary blend of glucomannan, chitosan, fenugreek, G sylvestre, and vitamin C daily for 6 weeks, and the placebo group received 6 capsules of rice flour daily for 6 weeks. Body weight; percentage of body fat; absolute fat mass; lean body mass; BMI; upper abdominal, waist, and hip circumference; and anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and at study end. Patients completed daily dietary intake records on days 1 to 3 and days 40 to 42. They also completed weekly activity logs throughout the study.Results D.E. Woodgate and J.A. Conquerto the treatment group (8 women, 4 men) or the placebo group (9 women, 3 men). Two subjects (8.3%; 1 patient [8.3%] from each group) dropped out for personal reasons unrelated to the study. No significant changes in the consumption of total calories; the percentage of calories ingested as carbohydrates, fat, or protein; or activity levels were found in either group throughout the study. Compared with the placebo group, the treatment group lost significantly more body weight (Ϫ2.3 kg vs 0.0 kg; P Ͻ 0.01), percentage of body fat (Ϫ1.1% vs 0.2%; P Ͻ 0.05), and absolute fat mass (Ϫ2.0 kg vs 0.2 kg; P Ͻ 0.001).The treatment group also experienced a significantly greater reduction in upper abdominal circumference (Ϫ4.5 cm vs Ϫ0.7 cm), waist circumference (Ϫ4.1 cm vs 0.1 cm), and hip circumference (Ϫ2.9 cm vs 0.6 cm) compared with the placebo group (P Ͻ 0.05 for all). No significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure were found in either group. Both the treatment and the placebo were well tolerated. Conclusion:Within the context of this study, the novel combination of glucomannan, chitosan, fenugreek, G sylvestre, and vitamin C results in significant body weight and fat loss in obese adu...

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Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of a Stimulant-Free Dietary Supplement on Body Weight and Fat Loss in Obese Adults: A Six-Week Exploratory Study

Woodgate¹,

Conquer²

2003

Current Therapeutic Research

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Effect of chitin and chitosan on gelling properties of surimi from barred garfish (Hemiramphus far)

Benjakul¹,

Visessanguan²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2000

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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The addition of chitin/chitosan significantly increased the breaking force and deformation of gels prepared from barred garfish surimi (P < 0.05). Addition of 7B chitosan with 65.6% degree of deacetylation (% DD) at the level of 15 mg g−1 resulted in the maximum increases in both breaking force and deformation of suwari and kamaboko gels compared to the control and gels containing chitin or chitosan with other % DD (P < 0.05). A chitosan concentration of 10 mg g−1 was found to render the highest breaking force of kamaboko gel compared to other concentrations tested (P < 0.05). Kamaboko gel containing chitosan had an increased breaking force as the calcium chloride concentration increased (P < 0.05), indicating the role of endogenous transglutaminase in cross‐linking of protein–protein and protein–chitosan conjugates. Therefore the incorporation of chitosan and calcium chloride greatly improved the gelling properties of surimi from barred garfish without changes in colour. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry

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Chitosan and Low Molecular Weight Chitosan: Biological and Biomedical Applications

Inamdar

Mourya²

2014

Advanced Biomaterials and Biodevices

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Mechanism for the Inhibition of Fat Digestion by Chitosan and for the Synergistic Effect of Ascorbate

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of a Stimulant-Free Dietary Supplement on Body Weight and Fat Loss in Obese Adults: A Six-Week Exploratory Study

Effects of a Stimulant-Free Dietary Supplement on Body Weight and Fat Loss in Obese Adults: A Six-Week Exploratory Study

Effect of chitin and chitosan on gelling properties of surimi from barred garfish (Hemiramphus far)

Chitosan and Low Molecular Weight Chitosan: Biological and Biomedical Applications

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