Mechanism of alleviating acute lung injury in mice from serum metabolomics analysis of Cordyceps fumosorosea

Abstract

Introduction Mechanism of alleviating acute lung injury in mice from serum metabolomics analysis of Cordyceps fumosorosea Aims This study investigated the potential anti-inflammatory effects of Cordyceps fumosorosea mycelia on lung health, with a focus on acute lung injury in mice. The aims was to elucidate the underlying metabolic pathways and provide insights into the therapeutic potential of C. fumosorosea mycelia under lung-related conditions. Methods Sixty mice were divided into six groups (NS, LPS, MIX, COR, COC, and DMX). Lung cell nuclei were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and cellular changes were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Metabolomics analyses using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have been used to identify various compounds. Results In all six groups, lung nuclear inflammation was observed in the COR, COC, and DMX groups, whereas the NS, LPS, and MIX groups showed no cellular changes, indicating good health. Metabolomic analysis using LC-MS identified 1,607 compounds across various classes. Statistical analyses, including the Coefficient of Variation and OPLS-DA, revealed distinct metabolic profiles, indicating significant changes after the consumption of C. fumosorosea mycelia. Lipids constituted the largest proportion (30.37%) of the 30 identified classes and subclasses of metabolites. A total of 618 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, both unique and shared between comparisons. Conclusions Metabolic pathway analysis revealed differences between mice groups blood serum, which have good potential therapeutic pathways. The identified compounds further support the significant metabolic changes induced by C. fumosorosea mycelial consumption.