Mechanism of citrinin‐induced dysfunction of mitochondria. I. Effects on respiration, enzyme activities and membrane potential of renal cortical mitochondria

Chagas, Generoso M.; Campello, Annibal P.; Klüppel, Ma. Lúcia W.

doi:10.1002/jat.2550120209

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The LLC-MK2 cells decreased the most and the MDBK cells showed distinct morphological alterations. Studies on the mechanism of citrinininduced dysfunction of the rat mitochondria were undertaken (16)(17)(18)(19). Citrinin depressed the phosphorylation efficiency of renal cortical mitochondria and inhibited most of the enzymes of the respiratory chain of the rat renal cortical and liver mitochondria.…”

Section: Toxic Effects and Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin research in Brazil: the last decade in review

Rodriguez–Amaya

Sabino

2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The number of research papers (128 papers) on mycotoxins published by Brazilian researchers in 1991-2000 surpassed the total number (85 papers) published in the preceding three decades . Thirty percent of the papers surveyed mycotoxins in foods and feeds. AFs in peanut and peanut products continued to be alarming, and high incidence and levels of FBs in corn and corn products also appeared as a serious problem. Contamination with other toxins, such as ZEA, OTA and trichothecenes, was low. Occurrence of AFM 1 in milk and dairy products and patulin in apple juice needs to be verified as the results are somewhat diverging. Work on analytical methods, mycological examination and toxic effects constituted 16, 13 and 13%, respectively, of the published papers in the decade assessed. Attempts to find means of preventing/controlling fungal growth and mycotoxin production notably increased, making up 27% of the papers, including investigations on influencing factors (e.g. genotype resistance, water content/a w , relative humidity, temperature, presence of metals, type of soil, mite infestation) and antagonistic potential of other microorganisms against mycotoxin-producing fungi. Effects of plant extract, flavonoids, fungicides and other chemicals, storage bag material, adsorbents, cooking and processing of food were also studied. Thus, notwithstanding constraints on resources, Brazilian research responds to the needs of the country, reflects international concerns and recent developments in the area.

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Section: Toxic Effects and Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin research in Brazil: the last decade in review

Rodriguez–Amaya

Sabino

2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…There are dozens of reports showing that high doses of citrinin act as a cytotoxin and nephrotoxin (Ambrose and DeEds, 1946;Friis et al, 1969;Krogh et al, 1970;Scott et al, 1972;Nelson et al, 1985;Aleo et al, 1991;Chagas et al, 1992aChagas et al, , 1992bDa Lozzo et al, 1998;Abramson et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2003;Yu et al, 2006;Bouslimi et al, 2008). In contrast, our results indicate a new role/implication for low-dose citrinin in health and disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…The toxicities of citrinin have been frequently reported as cytotoxic (50-220 μM, 24-72 hr as LC 50 , which depends on cell type) (Liu et al, 2003;Yu et al, 2006;Bouslimi et al, 2008) and nephrotoxic via swelling of the kidney and acute tubular necrosis (50-134 mg/kg orally as LD 50 , which depends on species) (Ambrose and DeEds, 1946;Friis et al, 1969;Krogh et al, 1970). The mechanism of citrinin toxicity is thought to involve mitochondrial dysfunction (Aleo et al, 1991;Chagas et al, 1992aChagas et al, , 1992bDa Lozzo et al, 1998). Furthermore, citrinin affects intracellular calcium level (Berndt et al, 1984;Chan, 2008;Klarić et al, 2012) so that citrinin has the potential to influence the cellular events regulated by calcium influx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low doses of the mycotoxin citrinin protect cortical neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity

et al. 2016

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-Citrinin, a natural mycotoxin that is found in fermented foods, is known as a cytotoxin and nephrotoxin. Exposure to high doses of citrinin result in apoptosis; however, the effects of low doses are not fully understood. Glutamate excitotoxicity is responsible for neuronal death in acute neurological disorders including stroke, trauma and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we show the neuroprotective effect of low doses of citrinin against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. We examined the effect of citrinin exposure on glutamate-induced cell death in cultured rat cortical neurons under two conditions: simultaneous treatment with citrinin 0.1 to 1,000 nM and glutamate (30 μM) for 1, 3 hr; the same simultaneous treatment for 3 hr after pretreatment with citrinin for 21 hr. Both the MTT and immunocytochemical assay showed significant neuroprotective effects at several doses and exposure times tested. All concentrations of citrinin tested showed no remarkable cell death following 14-day exposure, and no marked alterations to synapses. These data suggest that low doses of citrinin can be used as a neuroprotective agent against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity without additional harmful cellular alterations.

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“…While it is also known as a hepato-nephrotoxin in a wide range of species (Berndt, 1990), in vitro studies have demonstrated that citrinin produced multiple effects on renal mitochondrial function and macromolecule biosynthesis that ultimately resulted in cell death (Chagas et al, 1992(Chagas et al, , 1995. Citrinin has been found to disrupt renal function in all species in which it has been tested (Berndt, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%