Mechanism of conditioner CaO on NOx precursors evolution during sludge steam gasification

Zhang, Qiang; Liu, Huan; Lu, Guangduo; Long, Yi; Hu, Hongyun; Chi, Hetian; Yao, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2016.09.006

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The detailed description of the reactor can be found in our previous study. 34 The feeding rate of DT coal sample was 0.25 g/min. O 2 , CO 2 , N 2 , and steam were injected into the drop tube reactor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

et al. 2020

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CO2 and H2O have great influence on pyrolysis char structure and its reactivity. Particularly, the effect of CO2 and H2O on pyrolysis char kinetic parameters are unrevealed. Char structure and the corresponding combustion kinetic parameters play a very important role for designing and modeling oxy-fuel combustion. This work focuses on the effects of CO2 and H2O on pyrolysis gas, coal burnout degree, char structure, and corresponding combustion kinetic parameters. The volatile compositions were measured by gas chromatography. Coal burnout degree, char structure, and reactivity were measured by a drop tube furnace, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric anaylsis, respectively. Our results indicate that a H2O-containing atmosphere results in decreasing char yield, developed and disordered char structure, and high reaction rate constant. All of these features are more obvious in a H2O-containing atmosphere than in a CO2-containing atmosphere. Moreover, a H2O-containing atmosphere reduces char–O2 reaction rate, as well as coal burnout degree in a low oxygen atmosphere at early and middle combustion stages (i.e., burnout degree <80%), but increases at the end stage of combustion (i.e., burnout degree >80%). Our investigation will give basic kinetic parameters and features of char properties obtained in CO2 and H2O atmospheres.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of CO 2 and H 2 O concentrations on coal burnout degree was also investigated, however, in a drop tube furnace. The detailed description of the reactor can be found in our previous study . The feeding rate of DT coal sample was 0.25 g/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

et al. 2020

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“…It was further indicated that the addition of iron and calcium compounds could significantly improve the conversion of biomass N to N 2 (from 8 to 31%) and decrease the amount of char N from 18 to 4% . According to our previous study, − the inhibition of sludge N to NO x precursor conversion via synergistic catalysis of Fenton–CaO was more effective than that of single Fenton or CaO catalyst. Owing to the complexity of solid waste compositions, there is thereby an urgent need but still a significant challenge to evaluate the effects of mixed Fe/Ca additives on nitrogen evolution during pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Mixed Fe/Ca Additives on Nitrogen Transformation during Protein and Amino Acid Pyrolysis

Long

Liu

et al. 2017

Energy Fuels

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Considerable amounts of NO x are generated from the thermal utilization of solid wastes. To control NO x emission, we investigated the influence of mixed Fe/Ca additives on the generation of NO x precursors (HCN and NH 3 ) during pyrolysis at 873, 1073, and 1273 K. Protein, proline, and phenylalanine were selected as model compounds to represent the primary nitrogen forms in typical solid wastes, such as biomass and sludge. According to the results, the iron effect is a remarkable property that enables the obvious reduction of NH 3 . This was most likely because NH 3 was consumed by iron compounds to generate FeN x . Iron compounds facilitated thermal cracking of heterocyclic N with the release of HCN. Ca(OH) 2 promoted the conversion of HCN to NH 3 and fixed HCN to form CaC x N y simultaneously. These intermediates (FeN x and CaC x N y ) play important roles in the reduction of NO x precursors. A lower emission of NO x precursors was observed with mixed Fe/Ca additives than with either Fe or Ca individually. This is because the generation of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 enhanced the tranformation of intermediates to N 2 . The transformation of intermediates to N 2 was enhanced at elevated temperatures, which allows for the lowest emission of precursors (NH 3 and HCN) at 1273 K, with a higher ratio of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 in char.

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“…However, further increase in steam content results in a decrease in the NH 3 −N + HCN-N yield, which means that NH 3 and HCN might be partially converted to N 2 . 32…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Green Production of Ammonia from Nitrogen-Enriched Biowaste Gasification: Nitrogen Conversion from Tea Waste and Theanine

Wang,

Xu,

Shen

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Mechanism of conditioner CaO on NOx precursors evolution during sludge steam gasification

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

Effect of Mixed Fe/Ca Additives on Nitrogen Transformation during Protein and Amino Acid Pyrolysis

Exploring the Green Production of Ammonia from Nitrogen-Enriched Biowaste Gasification: Nitrogen Conversion from Tea Waste and Theanine

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Mechanism of conditioner CaO on NOx precursors evolution during sludge steam gasification

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of CO2 and H2O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

Effect of CO2 and H2O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

Effect of Mixed Fe/Ca Additives on Nitrogen Transformation during Protein and Amino Acid Pyrolysis

Exploring the Green Production of Ammonia from Nitrogen-Enriched Biowaste Gasification: Nitrogen Conversion from Tea Waste and Theanine

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Product

Resources

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Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity

Effect of CO₂ and H₂O on Char Properties. Part 1: Pyrolysis Char Structure and Reactivity