Mechanism of Cuticle Hole Development in Human Hair Due to UV-Radiation Exposure

Maeda, Kazuhisa; Yamazaki, J.; Okita, Nana; Shimotori, Masami; Igarashi, Kyouhei; Sano, Taiga

doi:10.3390/cosmetics5020024

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The cuticles observed from SEM morphological investigations consist of stacked layers of keratin and are responsible for the visual appearance and the tactile properties of hair (Blume-Peytavi, Whiting & Trüeb, 2008;Jolles & Zahn, 2011;Robbins, 2012;Maeda et al, 2018). Based on cystine content, the cuticles are classified into endocuticle, A-layer, exocuticle, and epicuticle (Blume-Peytavi, Whiting & Trüeb, 2008;Bhushan, 2008;Jolles & Zahn, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into human hair: SAXS, SEM, TEM and EDX for Alopecia Areata investigations

Coroabă¹,

Chiriac

Săcărescu³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Alopecia areata (AA) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease and affects up to 2% of the population. There is a need for a more profound and rigorous understanding of the structure and composition of human hair affected by AA in order to manage this disease. The aim of this article is to understand the effects of AA on the structure and composition of human hair. Methods Several physico-chemical investigation methods, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and microbeam Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), were used to analyze human hair samples obtained from healthy donors and patients with AA. Results SEM revealed more severe hair surface defects for the white regrown hair (W-AA) samples. TEM showed the presence of air-like vesicles located in the endocuticle of regrown hair. Analysis of ultrathin sections of W-AA showed the existence of empty vesicles and smaller melanin granules compared to control samples. SAXS demonstrated that unaffected hair of patients with AA (B-AA) and W-AA melanin aggregates are different in their sizes and shapes compared to the control samples. EDX data showed that W-AA elemental composition was significantly different from the other sample groups. Our study showcases promising non-invasive techniques for a better and more accurate understanding of changes in the internal structure and composition of hair affected by AA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into human hair: SAXS, SEM, TEM and EDX for Alopecia Areata investigations

Coroabă¹,

Chiriac

Săcărescu³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…A possibility exists, therefore, that the acetone and chloroform treatment of hair also depleted lipids from the cuticle edges. Nevertheless, because the presence of unsaturated lipids in the cuticle is limited to the edge of the cuticle [28], it is believed that the relationship between unsaturated lipids and hair glossiness is primarily associated with the lipids present in the medulla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lightning Cure LC6 (150 W xenon lamp L8253; Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.; Hamamatsu, Japan) lamps were used as the UV source. A long-pass filter with a 280 nm cutoff (A9616-03; Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.; Shizuoka, Japan) was used in these lamps [27,28]. Hair glossiness was examined using a Glossymeter GL20 (Courage+Khazaka Electronic GmbH; Köln, Germany).…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entire sample, together with 2 µL of the standard solution, was then spotted onto a TLC plate. After drying, the plate was sequentially developed using developing solutions A to D (solution A, 10 mL hexane; solution B, 10 mL benzene; solution C, 9.5 mL chloroform and 2 mL methanol; solution D, 8 mL hexane, 2 mL diethyl ether, and 0.1 mL acetic acid) [28]. The plates were then colored by heating with 3% copper (II) sulfate and 15% aqueous phosphoric acid solutions.…”

Section: Analysis Of Hair Lipids Using Tlcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Lipids in the Medulla of Japanese Hair and Their Function

Ymazaki

Maeda

2018

Cosmetics

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The hair is composed of the cuticle (the outermost surface), cortex (its major part), and medulla (in the hair center). The lipid content of the medulla of Caucasian hair is relatively higher than that of African-American hair. However, the types of lipids therein remain unidentified. The aim of the current study was to analyze the constituent lipids of the medulla of Japanese hair, and to identify their function. A lipid peroxidase fluorescent reagent was used to investigate region-specific differences in the lipid content of the medulla (the tip, middle, and root portions). Since the medulla is important for the hair's glossiness, we also investigated the relationship between the lipid content and hair glossiness. The lipid content of hair, based on the absence or presence of lipid species in the medulla, was investigated using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Micro-attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (micro-ATR FTIR) was used to analyze the similarities between the standard and medulla lipids, focusing on the methylene/methyl stretching vibration region. The data indicated that the medulla contained unsaturated lipids, the content of which decreased from the root to the tip of the hair. Hair glossiness was reduced with the decreasing lipid content, suggesting that unsaturated lipids of the medulla play a role in glossiness. The TLC analysis revealed differences in the type and amount of hair lipids in the medulla. While squalene and oleic acid spots were detected in hair with a continuously maintained medulla, these compounds were not detected in hair in which the medulla was not maintained. The medulla constituents similar to oleic acid and squalene were also identified by the micro-ATR FTIR spectrum analysis and the previous report. The findings indicate that the medulla is composed of at least squalene and oleic acid.

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“…[15] Thus, to reach and damage the cortex, a deeper region of the hair shaft, the solar radiation must penetrate through the multiple layers of cuticle cells [9]. Consequently, the cuticle's amino acids are more damaged than those from the cortical region, due to the higher intensity of solar radiation that reaches the surface layers [1,5,8,9,11,16]. Being primarily associated with cortical properties, when only the cuticle had been damaged, no significant change has been demonstrated to the tensile properties [7].…”

Section: Mechanical (Tensile Strength Test Method)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexabrasion Applied to the Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Hair Fibers

et al. 2021

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Solar radiation is a significant source of damage to hair fibers. However, the instrumental measurement of the consequences of its interaction with hair fibers’ constituents remains a challenge. In this work, the flexabrasion methodology was investigated as a potential tool to quantify the damage to mechanical hair properties caused by solar rays. The in vitro experiment developed for this study simulated four initial conditions of human hair samples, which subsequently underwent different periods of exposure to the radiation emitted by a Xenon arc lamp source. The statistical analysis of the results characterized the methodology’s ability to evaluate the impact of solar radiation on the hair’s mechanical resistance. More evident effects were observed on natural fibers subjected to exposures of up to 60 h and over, corresponding to about 1.5 h per day of sun exposure in Rio de Janeiro over five months. The results point to flexabrasion as an option to evaluate the photoprotection efficacy offered by hair-care products.

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Mechanism of Cuticle Hole Development in Human Hair Due to UV-Radiation Exposure

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

New insights into human hair: SAXS, SEM, TEM and EDX for Alopecia Areata investigations

New insights into human hair: SAXS, SEM, TEM and EDX for Alopecia Areata investigations

Analysis of Lipids in the Medulla of Japanese Hair and Their Function

Flexabrasion Applied to the Evaluation of the Photodegradation of Hair Fibers

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