Mechanism of DDMP-saponin degradation and maltol production in soymilk preparation

Chitisankul, Wanida T.; Shimada, Kazuko; Omizu, Yohei; Uemoto, Yuko; Varanyanond, Warunee; Tsukamoto, Chigen

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.023

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It contains a high level of protein (Morales and Foster, 2009), good-quality starch (Kikuta et al, 2012), and a wide variety of fatty acids and minerals (Wilson et al, 1986;Kinugasa and Watanbe, 1992). In addition to the main nutrients, secondary metabolites, including isoflavones and saponins, are also found at high levels in Apios (Krishnan, 1998;Nara et al, 2011;Chitisankul et al, 2015). It is reported that Apios and its extracts have antioxidant activity (Takashima et al, 2013) and anti-cancer (Zhang et al, 2011), anti-hyperglycemic (Kawamura et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2017), hypotensive (Kuramoto et al, 2013), and anti-inflammatory effects (Cui et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in post-partum uterine involution in rats treated with Apios americana

Zheng

Han

You

et al. 2019

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Objective: Apios americana, a plant used as a staple ingredient of native American diets, has various properties, including anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory activity. In Japan, Apios is used as a post-natal medication. After parturition, women undergo a period of recovery as they return to pre-pregnancy conditions. However, few health products that aid post-partum recovery are on the market. We explored whether Apios can accelerate the post-partum recovery process, in particular the involution of the uterus. Methods: Female rats kept in individual cages were mated with two male rats, with the exception of the control group (female rats without mating, on basal diet; n=6). After delivery, rats were divided into five groups based on their diet: basal diet (model; n=6); basal diet+oral intake at 5.4 g/kg of Chanfukang granules (a Chinese patent medicine preparation for post-partum lochia) (positive; n=6); basal diet containing 10% Apios powder (low; n=6); basal diet containing 20% Apios powder (medium; n=6); basal diet containing 40% Apios powder (high; n=6). Five days later, uteri and spleens were weighed. Uterus and spleen indices for each rat were calculated by dividing visceral weight by the total weight. Hormone and cytokine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological analysis of uteri was completed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors in uteri was measured by western blotting. Results: Our results showed that Apios treatment reduced the post-partum uterus index and regulated the hormone concentrations. Moreover, we found that the process of uterine involution was accelerated, based on morphological changes in the uterus. In addition, our results indicated that Apios alleviated the inflammatory response induced by the involution process. Transforming growth factor β was also found to be regulated by Apios. There were significant downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and upregulation of their inhibitors by Apios, which suggested that Apios increased the rate of the collagen clearance process. Conclusions: These results, based on experimental observations at the molecular and protein levels, verified our hypothesis that Apios can improve uterine involution, and demonstrated the potential application of Apios in post-partum care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in post-partum uterine involution in rats treated with Apios americana

Zheng

Han

You

et al. 2019

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…In soybean, to date, five UGTs involved in the glycosylation of saponins have been identified. Among these, four UGTs, that is, UGT73P2 (GmSGT2), UGT91H4 (GmSGT3), Sg‐3, and Sg‐4, are believed to be involved in the transfer of sugar moieties at the C‐3 position of soyasaponins (Shibuya et al ., ; Takada et al ., ; Chitisankul et al ., ; Yano et al ., ). Another UGT, Sg‐1, is involved in the formation of the sugar chain at the C‐22 position of SS‐A (Sayama et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of DDMP saponins in soybean is regulated by a distinct UDP‐glycosyltransferase

et al. 2018

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2,3-Dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP) saponins are one of the major saponin groups that are widely distributed in legumes such as pea, barrel medic, chickpea, and soybean. The steps involved in DDMP saponin biosynthesis remain uncharacterized at the molecular level.We isolated two recessive mutants that lack DDMP saponins from an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant population of soybean cultivar Pungsannamul.Segregation analysis showed that the production of DDMP saponins is controlled by a single locus, named Sg-9. The locus was physically mapped to a 130-kb region on chromosome 16. Nucleotide sequence analysis of candidate genes in the region revealed that each mutant has a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the Glyma.16G033700 encoding a UDPglycosyltransferase UGT73B4. Enzyme assays and mass spectrum-coupled chromatographic analysis reveal that the Sg-9 protein has glycosyltransferase activity, converting sapogenins and group B saponins to glycosylated products, and that mutant proteins had only partial activities. The tissue-specific expression profile of Sg-9 matches the accumulation pattern of DDMP saponins. This is the first report on a new gene and its function in the biosynthesis of DDMP saponins. Our findings indicate that Sg-9 encodes a putative DDMP transferase that plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of DDMP saponins.

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“…Dried soybeans (glycine max) were collected from a local market in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. About one cup of dried soybeans was soaked in a fivefold volume of distilled water for 18 hours at room temperature [21], blended with 3× ultra-pure water, and strained to collect soymilk. The palm sugar used as an alternative for artificial sweeteners was procured from local farms.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About one cup of dried soybeans was soaked in a fivefold volume of distilled water for 18 hours at room temperature [21], blended with 3× ultra-pure water, and strained using a muslin cloth to squeeze the soymilk out. Furthermore, it was heated over a low flame and brought to a boil, after which flavor, salt, and palm sugar were added and it was kept at a simmer for 20 minutes to mellow out the flavors.…”

Section: Preparation and Formulation Of Value-added Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fortification of soy milk with prebiotic natural ß-glucan derived from edible mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus

Kumaresan¹,

Gopalakrishnan²,

K.³

et al. 2022

J Appl Biol Biotech

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Hot water extraction of edible mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus at 90°C for 4 hours yielded a polysaccharide fraction containing crude β-glucan. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the samples were carried out to identify the presence and abundance of carbohydrates. Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) Sephacel column chromatography followed by affinity chromatography in an agarose-bound Concanavalin A column resulted in purified β-glucan. β-glucan was confirmed through the presence of unique functional groups present in it by using the Fourier transform infrared spectrum technique. Soy milk fortified with β-glucan was formulated, and this can alleviate the rate of obesity and related diseases caused by high calorific carbonated beverages. The further scope of the study involves sensory analysis and commercialization of the product.

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Mechanism of DDMP-saponin degradation and maltol production in soymilk preparation

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Improvement in post-partum uterine involution in rats treated with Apios americana

Improvement in post-partum uterine involution in rats treated with Apios americana

Biosynthesis of DDMP saponins in soybean is regulated by a distinct UDP‐glycosyltransferase

Fortification of soy milk with prebiotic natural ß-glucan derived from edible mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus

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