Mechanism of Disyllabic Tonal Reduction in Taiwan Mandarin

Cheng, Chierh; Xu, Yi

doi:10.1177/0023830914543286

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In this sense, this paper extends previous presentations of FDA as a tool for phonetic analysis (Cheng, Xu, & Gubian, 2010;Gubian, Boves, & Cangemi, 2011;Zellers, Gubian, & Post, 2010). We show that FDA allows us to apply familiar statistical methods (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Using Functional Data Analysis for investigating multidimensional dynamic phonetic contrasts

Gubian

Torreira

Boves

2015

Journal of Phonetics

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A B S T R A C TThe study of phonetic contrasts and related phenomena, e.g. inter-and intra-speaker variability, often requires to analyse data in the form of measured time series, like f 0 contours and formant trajectories. As a consequence, the investigator has to find suitable ways to reduce the raw and abundant numerical information contained in a bundle of time series into a small but sufficient set of numerical descriptors of their shape. This approach requires one to decide in advance which dynamic traits to include in the analysis and which not. For example, a rising pitch gesture may be represented by its duration and slope, hence reducing it to a straight segment, or by a richer coding specifying also whether (and how much) the rising contour is concave or convex, the latter being irrelevant in some context but crucial in others. Decisions become even more complex when a phenomenon is described by a multidimensional time series, e.g. by the first two formants.In this paper we introduce a methodology based on Functional Data Analysis (FDA) that allows the investigator to delegate most of the decisions involved in the quantitative description of multidimensional time series to the data themselves. FDA produces a data-driven parametrisation of the main shape traits present in the data that is visually interpretable, in the same way as slopes or peak heights are. These output parameters are numbers that are amenable to ordinary statistical analysis, e.g. linear (mixed effects) models. FDA is also able to capture correlations among different dimensions of a time series, e.g. between formants F 1 and F 2 . We present FDA by means of an extended case study on diphthong -hiatus distinction in Spanish, a contrast that involves duration, formant trajectories and pitch contours.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Using Functional Data Analysis for investigating multidimensional dynamic phonetic contrasts

Gubian

Torreira

Boves

2015

Journal of Phonetics

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“…Also, the use of only nasals as initial consonants avoids most of the distortions from segmental perturbation of F 0 . Second, as fast speech can lead to F 0 target undershoot (Cheng and Xu, 2015), we recorded each target sentence at 2 speech rates to control for the effect of speed of articulation. Third, though less directly relevant to the present research question, introducing 3 types of syllable structure into the stimuli allowed us to Pre-Low Raising in Japanese Pitch Accent gain further insights into the shape of F 0 contours under different conditions, which may be relevant in future studies on prosody modeling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Low Raising in Japanese Pitch Accent

Lee

Prom-on

2017

Phonetica

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Japanese has been observed to have 2 versions of the H tone, the higher of which is associated with an accented mora. However, the distinction of these 2 versions only surfaces in context but not in isolation, leading to a long-standing debate over whether there is 1 H tone or 2. This article reports evidence that the higher version may result from a pre-low raising mechanism rather than being inherently higher. The evidence is based on an analysis of F0 of words that varied in length, accent condition and syllable structure, produced by native speakers of Japanese at 2 speech rates. The data indicate a clear separation between effects that are due to mora-level preplanning and those that are mechanical. These results are discussed in terms of mechanisms of laryngeal control during tone production, and highlight the importance of articulation as a link between phonology and surface acoustics.

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“…Formant peak velocity, i.e., “the highest absolute value in the continuous velocity profile of the (formant) movement” (Cheng and Xu, 2013 , p. 4488), and the displacement/amplitude of the formant movements are particularly related to articulatory effort [cf. Cheng and Xu ( in press ) for further discussion]. The peak velocity is measured in the following way (Xu and Wang, 2009 , p. 506):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allows the calculation of the ratio of formant peak velocity (Vp) to maximum formant displacement (d), henceforth Vp/d. It reflects articulatory effort/vocal vigorousness (Cheng and Xu, 2013 , in press ). Similar to the piano experiment,

, and so the ratio

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations between affective music and speech: evidence from dynamics of affective piano performance and speech production

Liu

2015

Front. Psychol.

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This study compares affective piano performance with speech production from the perspective of dynamics: unlike previous research, this study uses finger force and articulatory effort as indexes reflecting the dynamics of affective piano performance and speech production respectively. Moreover, for the first time physical constraints such as piano fingerings and speech articulatory constraints are included due to their potential contribution to different patterns of dynamics. A piano performance experiment and speech production experiment were conducted in four emotions: anger, fear, happiness and sadness. The results show that in both piano performance and speech production, anger and happiness generally have high dynamics while sadness has the lowest dynamics. Fingerings interact with fear in the piano experiment and articulatory constraints interact with anger in the speech experiment, i.e., large physical constraints produce significantly higher dynamics than small physical constraints in piano performance under the condition of fear and in speech production under the condition of anger. Using production experiments, this study firstly supports previous perception studies on relations between affective music and speech. Moreover, this is the first study to show quantitative evidence for the importance of considering motor aspects such as dynamics in comparing music performance and speech production in which motor mechanisms play a crucial role.

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Mechanism of Disyllabic Tonal Reduction in Taiwan Mandarin

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Using Functional Data Analysis for investigating multidimensional dynamic phonetic contrasts

Using Functional Data Analysis for investigating multidimensional dynamic phonetic contrasts

Pre-Low Raising in Japanese Pitch Accent

Relations between affective music and speech: evidence from dynamics of affective piano performance and speech production

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