Mechanism of electrochemical growth of polypyrrole on a glass electrode doped with SnO2 (ITO) from aqueous solutions

Rodríguez, I.; Marcos, María Luisa Fernández; González‐Velasco, J.

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(87)80031-2

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Upon removal of THP, the resultant polymer is rendered insoluble and possesses an increased degree of conjugation compared to the parent polymer due to loss of the bulky side group. Insoluble films of regioregular, short side chain polythiophenes can thus be prepared on various surfaces where previously such films could only be obtained on conductive surfaces by electrochemical polymerization of the appropriate monomer . In conjunction with the incorporation of photochemical acid generators and photolysis through a photomask, the solid-state deprotection reaction can be spatially controlled so that conjugated polythiophenes can be patterned with micron resolution with virtually no photolytic destruction of the π-conjugated system 2a…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Order in Conjugated Organic Films Prepared by Catalytic Deprotection of Self-Assembled Polymers

Orfino

Holdcroft

2001

Chem. Mater.

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Persistent lamellar ordering, consistent with coplanar stacking of polymer chains, is found for films of poly(3-(2-hydroxylethyl)thiophene) (PHET) obtained by catalytic removal of tetrahydropyran from films of poly(3-(2-(2-tetrahydropyranyloxy)ethyl)thiophene) (PTHPET). Structural ordering appears to be due to H-bonding interactions between terminal hydroxy groups. This morphology is unique for films comprising of short side chain poly(alkylthiophenes), which are usually characterized as being amorphous. The resultant films possess void spaces due to loss of the bulky group and retention of the initial morphology. The formation of additional free volume may explain why this reaction is facile in these materials even though they are semicrystalline. Catalytic removal of tetrahydropyran from copolymer films of PTHPET and 3-hexylthiophene also leads to persistent ordering, but the lamellar framework partially relaxes in some cases so that the interlamellar spacing is reduced. These are metastable structures that become amorphous upon heating to elevated temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Order in Conjugated Organic Films Prepared by Catalytic Deprotection of Self-Assembled Polymers

Orfino

Holdcroft

2001

Chem. Mater.

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“…In this case only heterogeneous reactions at the electrode-solution interface were considered. 16 In our case we have detected the formation of soluble products during anodic oxidation of pyrrole. In order to detect these soluble products we used UV-visible spectroscopy.…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of Polypyrrole-carboximethyl Cellulosementioning

confidence: 85%

Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole/Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Platinum and Indium Tin Oxide

Alves

Herrasti

Ocón

et al. 2001

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:The paper presents information on the synthesis and properties of a composite material consisting of an electronically conducting polymer and a polyanion. This kind of materials are of current interest. Polypyrrole-carboxymethyl cellulose composite have been studied on two different substrates: platinum and indium tin oxide. Electrochemical, SEM, and U.V-visible techniques have been used. The mechanism in both electrodes seem to be the same, but the morphology was quite different with the same electrodeposition conditions. Dendritycal growth on indium tin oxide in special conditions has been observed.KEY WORDS Polypyrrole I Electropolymerization I Carboxymethylcellulose I Polymer Morphology I Conductivity IIn the last few years conducting polymers, particularly in the form of thin films on electrodes surfaces have received considerable attention. A number of publications have demonstrated the possibilities of using these polymer films. Some examples are: as electrochemical sensors/ -3 electronic devices, 4 • 5 rechargeable batteries, 6 photoelectrochemical cells 7 and controlled drug release.8·9Several studies have reported on the early stages of deposition of polypyrrole films onto metal, indium oxide or vitreous carbon electrodes. 10 -12 In all cases, the cyclic voltammograms show nucleation loops, such a behavior is good evidence that the formation of a conducting polymer layer occurs by a mechanism involving nucleation of centres of the new phase followed by a three dimensional growth.This kind of mechanism has been proposed when polypyrrole was electrodeposited from a solution containing small anions such as Cl04 . 13 This and other polymers can be obtained when multy-charged anions called polyanions are used. The interaction between the positively charged polyheterocycle and the charge compensating polyanion forces intimate mixing of the two polymers. The mechanism in the last case has been less studied.On the other hand, the degree of molecular ordering of a conductive polymer is determined by a combination of different factors. Among these are: The steric/ electronic nature of the monomer unit and the method and conditions of polymer preparation. Another very important factor is the nature of the incorporated dopant anion. For example, significant morphological differences should exist in a given or polyanion as opposed to a small inorganic dopant.The most important purpose of this work is to assess the role of carboximethyl cellulose in morphology. Different papers in the thermoplastic field have been published with wood cellulose, these first works showed problems with the hidrophilic incompatibilities of absorption of water in the cellulose fiber and hydrophobic of the thermoplastic matrix. These results gave composites with poor technological properties. In the last few years new perspectives in this field have emerged using biodegradable composites. In this way the chemical and electrochemical production of composites such as polypyrrole/carboximethyl cellulose could yield a chemically mod...

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“…c. The effect of solution composition } Physicochemical properties of polypyrrole 43,46,80,81,86,87 and polyaniline 88 ± 114 films were shown to depend on the solution composition. This can be illustrated by several examples.…”

Section: Electrochemical Polymerisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysis on polymer-modified electrodes

Podlovchenko¹,

Андреев²

2002

Russ. Chem. Rev.

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Mechanism of electrochemical growth of polypyrrole on a glass electrode doped with SnO2 (ITO) from aqueous solutions

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

Structural Order in Conjugated Organic Films Prepared by Catalytic Deprotection of Self-Assembled Polymers

Structural Order in Conjugated Organic Films Prepared by Catalytic Deprotection of Self-Assembled Polymers

Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole/Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Platinum and Indium Tin Oxide

Electrocatalysis on polymer-modified electrodes

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