Mechanism of enhancement of analyte sensitivity by surfactants in flame atomic spectrometry

Effect of Surfactants on the Behavior of Chromium in Analytical Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

“…Otherwise, the set of results relative to the nature of surfactant and the salt addition effects is compliant with some models proposed in the literature [8,12], such as the aerosol ionic redistribution (AIR) model proposed by Borowiec et al [11] and extended by Kornahrens et al [8]. These latter authors suggest that surfactant molecules can promote an analyte enrichment to the air-solution interface and, then, to the droplets surface, if the analyte ions and the ionic ends of the surfactant molecules are opposite in charge.…”

“…However, their use in FAAS has been rather scarce and often controversial. Only a few studies have been devoted to the sensitization mechanism [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Kodama et al [6,7] reported that the surfactant presence in concentrations superior to the critical micelle concentration (CMC) leads to an improvement in the atomization efficiency.…”

“…However, their use in FAAS has been rather scarce and often controversial. Only a few studies have been devoted to the sensitization mechanism [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…Kornahrens et al [8] proposed a model to explain the observed sensitivity improvement while adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to Cu(II) solutions. This model can be derived from an extension of the theory of aerosol ionic redistribution (AIR) as proposed by Borowiec et al [11].…”

Particle Size Distribution of Organic Compounds in Aqueous Aerosols Collected from Above Sewage Aeration Tanks

“…This phenomenon is so signi® cant that it has been used to improve the detection limit of the atomic methods based upon¯ame ion-( ization Borowiec et al 1980;Kornahrens ) et al 1982 ; unfortunately, the paper of ( ) Borowiec et al 1980 reported only qualitative aspects of the method and described the ion pair interaction in solutions where only anionic surfactants were present.…”