Mechanism of histamine‐induced antidiuretic response

Abstract

Summary In dogs anaesthetized with α‐chloralose, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of histamine induced antidiuresis and increase in jugular vein blood antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level but no change in urinary electrolytes. The mechanism of the histamine‐induced antidiuretic response was analysed by the use of pharmacological agents. Histamine (i.c.v.) in 1–20 μg doses produced a variable effect on urine outflow as well as on the blood ADH concentration; however, higher doses (25–500 μg) of histamine elicited a dose‐dependent antidiuretic response with concomitant rise in blood ADH titre. Repeated administration of high doses of i.c.v. histamine (400 μg) elicited a diminishing antidiuretic response which was not observable after the fourth dose, thus exhibiting tachyphylaxis. The antidiuretic response to histamine could be restored by central administration of noradrenaline (500 μg). Central pretreatment with mepyramine (5 mg) prevented the histamine‐induced antidiuresis. Atropine (2 mg i.c.v.) was ineffective in blocking the antidiuretic effect of histamine. A diuretic response to histamine (400 μg i.c.v.) was obtained in phenoxybenzamine (i.c.v.) pretreated animals; this response could be blocked by i.c.v. injection of propranolol. Tetrabenazine pretreatment prevented the antidiuretic response to histamine. The results of the study lead us to conclude that histamine releases central catecholamines which activate the central adrenergic mechanism for the release of antidiuretic hormone.

Plasma vasopressin levels after I.C.V. infusion of histamine agonists in the conscious goat

“…It has been demonstrated in several studies that histamine given to the CNS induces antidiuresis [1,2,4,9] and causes hacreased secretion of knmunoassayable AVP [3,10]. The present results indicate that very low doses of 2-PEA, an H,-agonist, are able to release AVP.…”

EFFECT OF MECLASTINE, A SELECTIVE H1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST, UPON ACTH RELEASE

“…There is accumulating evidence that histamine, a biogenic amine with neurotransmitter properties (Snyder & Taylor, 1972;Schwartz, 1975), is involved in the release of several pituitary hormones in animals and man. These include PRL (Libertun & McCann, 1976;Arakelian & Libertun, 1977;Rivier & Vale, 1977;Carlson & Ippoliti, 1977;Bohnet et al, 1978;Knigge et al, 1981), LH (Libertun & McCann, 1976), vasopressin (Bhargava et al, 1973;Dogertom et al, 1976), TSH (May et al, 1976), andGH (Pontiroli et al, 1976). In addition, Rudolph et al (1979) have shown that in pentobarbital-anaesthetized dogs infusion of a low dose of histamine directly into the third ventricle increases plasma ACTH concentrations.…”

Central Mechanism of Vasopressin‐induced Changes in Antidiuretic Hormone Release

“…Two or three hours after the surgical procedure, when the urine flow rate was constant over a period of 30 min, the drugs were administered through a cannula implanted in one of the lateral cerebral ventricles (Bhargava & Tangri, 1959 (Innes & Nickerson, 1970). In a previous study, intracerebroventricular injection of histamine was shown to induce an antidiuretic response which has been attributed to a massive release of catecholamines (Bhargava et al, 1973). It appears that vasopressin also influences central ADH release through an adrenergic mechanism.…”

“…In another set of experiments, in order to elicit the full antidiuretic effect of higher doses of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v. ) vasopressin, the urine flow rate was kept at a higher level by the administration of dextrose-saline (Bhargava, Kulshrestha & Srivastava, 1972;Bhargava, Kulshrestha, Santhakumari & Srivastava, 1973 Weinstein, Berne & Sachs (1960) as modified by Yoshida, Motohashi, Ibayashi & Okinaka (1963). This method of extraction was found to give a recovery of 80% ADH in controls and results were modified accordingly.…”