Mechanism of lithium insertion in hard carbons prepared by pyrolysis of epoxy resins

Liu, Yinghu; Xue, Jing; Zheng, Tao; Dahn, J. R.

doi:10.1016/0008-6223(96)00177-7

Cited by 681 publications

(418 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

390

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, the authors showed that most of the Li ions were inserted at potentials >0.5 V vs Li/Li + without any distinguishable plateau, similarly to the well-known "hard carbons". [ 30 ] However, the deinsertion took place at much higher voltages (with more than 80% of capacity delivered between 1 and 3.5 V vs Li/Li + ), resembling the behavior of H-rich carbons [ 30,31 ] (similarly to the previously described Figure 2 , profi le e). Furthermore the authors noticed that, upon manipulations (e.g., electrode manufacture), the layered structure of graphene tended to reassemble and restack, thus, unfavorably affecting the lithium-ion storage properties.…”

Section: Graphene As Li-ion Hostsupporting

confidence: 75%

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

that its extraordinary properties would enable revolutionary new technologies, which gave birth to the "graphene era". [ 3,4 ] Relying on this scenario, in 2013, the European Union launched the ¤1 billion "Graphene Flagship" project aimed to investigate the properties of this new form of carbon for various applications (e.g., electronics, sensors and energy storage devices), with the ambitious goal of guiding graphene from laboratories to commercial applications within a decade. [ 5,6 ] In the same period, the Chinese Government set up a similar investment to mass-produce graphene as thin fi lms (e.g., for touchscreen electrodes) and platelets (e.g., for use in batteries). [ 6 ] In the following years, hundreds of patents, mainly focused on manufacturing and application in energy storage, were fi led and the worldwide production of graphene and graphene-containing materials rapidly increased. Although a few Chinese industries claimed to already use graphene-containing materials for smartphone production, no revolutionary practical application relying on graphene has been yet developed. [ 6 ] Specifi cally with respect to the battery fi eld, a close analysis of the scientifi c literature reveals a struggle to meet the ambitious initial targets. A potential loss of focus from the fi nal application caused by hype and ease of publication on such a novel matter, together with the delivery of very misleading information [ 7,8 ] and erroneous statements [ 7 ] concerning the use of graphene in batteries are emerging as possible reasons of the ineffective graphene-era outburst. In this progress report, we do not focus on production and classifi cation of graphene and graphene-containing materials, which were already well reported in the past years. [ 3,[9][10][11] In contrast, due to the lack of an exhaustive analysis of the progression of the use of such materials in lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes, we report here a critical evaluation of the most prominent research papers published from 2008 until the end of 2015. As shown in Figure 1 , three different stages of the graphene research in LIB anodes can be distinguished: a fi rst stationary phase between 2008 and 2010 where the lithium-ion storage properties of different graphene and graphene-containing materials were preliminarily explored, a second exponential stage, spanning from 2010 to 2014, where graphene and graphene-containing anode materials were broadly developed and investigated, and fi nally, a third phase, (i.e., starting from 2015), where the research seems to have approached a plateau. After Used as a bare active material or component in hybrids, graphene has been the subject of numerous studies in recent years. Indeed, from the fi rst report that appeared in late July 2008, almost 1600 papers were published as of the end 2015 that investigated the properties of graphene as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Although an impressive amount of data has been collected, a real advance in the fi eld still seems to be missing. In this framework, atten...

show abstract

Section: Graphene As Li-ion Hostsupporting

confidence: 75%

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[24] An empirical parameter (R), which is described as the ratio of the height of the (002) Bragg peak to the background (Figure 1 b), was used to measure the number of carbon sheets arranged as single layers. [25] For activated carbon and AK 1 , the values of R were calculated to be 4.5 and 3.5, respectively. As demonstrated in a previous study, R values decrease with the increase of single-layer content in carbon samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superhydrophobic Activated Carbon‐Coated Sponges for Separation and Absorption

Sun¹,

An²,

Zhu³

et al. 2013

ChemSusChem

194

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highly porous activated carbon with a large surface area and pore volume was synthesized by KOH activation using commercially available activated carbon as a precursor. By modification with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), highly porous activated carbon showed superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 163.6°. The changes in wettability of PDMS‐ treated highly porous activated carbon were attributed to the deposition of a low‐surface‐energy silicon coating onto activated carbon (confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy), which had microporous characteristics (confirmed by XRD, SEM, and TEM analyses). Using an easy dip‐coating method, superhydrophobic activated carbon‐coated sponges were also fabricated; those exhibited excellent absorption selectivity for the removal of a wide range of organics and oils from water, and also recyclability, thus showing great potential as efficient absorbents for the large‐scale removal of organic contaminants or oil spills from water.

show abstract

“…In addition, almost rectangular shape of CV traces clearly indicates that the Li-ions are adsorbed on the both sides of the graphene nanosheets or in other words psudocapacitive storage. 24,26 Reduction of area under the curve during the cycling up to 10 cycles corresponds to the decrease in the specific capacity values. Galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles were conducted between 0.005-3 V vs. Li at current density of 37 mA g -1 in ambient temperature conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas in graphene nanosheets pseudocapacitive storage mechanism certainly increases the power density as well without compromising energy density and this makes graphene nanosheets as an attractive anode material for LIB applications. [26][27][28] From the applications standpoint scalable synthesis of graphene nanosheets is very crucial for high performance SC and LIB applications. 9 Most solution processed graphene nanosheet preparations involve the usage of environmentally hazardous reluctants such as hydrazine hydrate, NaBH 4 , hydroquinone, sodium azide, dimethyl hydrazine etc., to reduce graphite oxide (GO) in water medium, since it is heavily loaded with oxygen containing functionalities such as (-COOH, -OH, -C=O etc.).…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-aqueous energy storage devices using graphene nanosheets synthesized by green route

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper we report the use of triethylene glycol reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) as an electrode material for non-aqueous energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries. TRGO based non–aqueous symmetric supercapacitor is constructed and shown to deliver maximum energy and power densities of 60.4 Wh kg–1 and 0.15 kW kg–1, respectively. More importantly, symmetric supercapacitor shows an extraordinary cycleability (5000 cycles) with over 80% of capacitance retention. In addition, Li-storage properties of TRGO are also evaluated in half-cell configuration (Li/TRGO) and shown to deliver a reversible capacity of ∼705 mAh g–1 with good cycleability at constant current density of 37 mA g–1. This result clearly suggests that green-synthesized graphene can be effectively used as a prospective electrode material for non-aqueous energy storage systems such as Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors

show abstract

Mechanism of lithium insertion in hard carbons prepared by pyrolysis of epoxy resins

Cited by 681 publications

References 14 publications

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

Superhydrophobic Activated Carbon‐Coated Sponges for Separation and Absorption

Non-aqueous energy storage devices using graphene nanosheets synthesized by green route

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About