Mechanism of lysine-induced kaliuresis

Walker, W. Gordon; Dickerman, Herbert W.; Jost, Luis J.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.2.409

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Serum lysine shows significant inverse association with serum chloride and a direct association with serum bicarbonate. Administration of lysine monochloride is known to profoundly inhibit bicarbonate reabsorption and cause severe bicarbonate diuresis while lysine dichloride does not affect bicarbonate transport 25 . Citrulline malate has been shown to increase renal reabsorption of bicarbonate and we see a significant direct association between citrulline and bicarbonate 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic profiling identifies novel associations with Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostatic patterns

Menni

McCallum

Pietzner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Electrolytes have a crucial role in maintaining health and their serum levels are homeostatically maintained within a narrow range by multiple pathways involving the kidneys. Here we use metabolomics profiling (592 fasting serum metabolites) to identify molecular markers and pathways associated with serum electrolyte levels in two independent population-based cohorts. We included 1523 adults from TwinsUK not on blood pressure-lowering therapy and without renal impairment to look for metabolites associated with chloride, sodium, potassium and bicarbonate by running linear mixed models adjusting for covariates and multiple comparisons. For each electrolyte, we further performed pathway enrichment analysis (PAGE algorithm). Results were replicated in an independent cohort. Chloride, potassium, bicarbonate and sodium associated with 10, 58, 36 and 17 metabolites respectively (each P < 2.1 × 10−5), mainly lipids. Of all the electrolytes, serum potassium showed the most significant associations with individual fatty acid metabolites and specific enrichment of fatty acid pathways. In contrast, serum sodium and bicarbonate showed associations predominantly with amino-acid related species. In the first study to examine systematically associations between serum electrolytes and small circulating molecules, we identified novel metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with serum electrolyte levels. The role of these metabolic pathways on electrolyte homeostasis merits further studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic profiling identifies novel associations with Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostatic patterns

Menni

McCallum

Pietzner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…It has been demonstrated in vivo that lysine infusion leads to hyperkaliemia, kaliuresis, bicabonaturia, extracellular meta bolic acidosis and probably intracellular al kalosis [Dickerman arul Walker, 1964;Walker et al, 1964;Gougoux et al, 1978]. To maintain intracellular electron neutral ity the cellular entry of lysine is followed by the combined shift of sodium and potassium from cell to extracellular fluid [Gougoux et al, 1978].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Protein Reabsorption in the Renal Proximal Tubule by Basic Amino Acids

Ottosen

Madsen

Bode

et al. 1985

Kidney Blood Press Res

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The effects of basic and neutral amino acids on the reabsorption of ¹²⁵I-lysozyme by the renal proximal tubule were examined in rats. In whole animal experiments control animals were given an intravenous (i.v.) injection of ¹²⁵I-lysozyme alone while experimental animals received an i.v. injection of either a basic or a neutral amino acid prior to the injection of ¹²⁵I-lysozyme. In control animals the renal content of ¹²⁵I-lysozyme 30 min after injection was 35% of the injected dose. After injection of basic amino acids there was a significant decrease in the renal uptake of lysozyme. There was no effect of neutral amino acids on the reabsorption of lysozyme. In microperfusion experiments proximal convoluted tubules were perfused in vivo for 3 min with a solution containing ¹²⁵I-lysozyme and either lysine or alanine. In tubules perfused with lysine there was a significant decrease in the reabsorption of lysozyme, whereas alanine had no effect on lysozyme uptake. Electron microscope autoradiography revealed that lysozyme was located in endocytic vesicles and lysosomes in both experimental groups. However, the autoradiographic grain density was significantly decreased in tubules perfused with lysine as compared with those perfused with alanine. These findings demonstrate that basic amino acids inhibit the reabsorption of the cationic protein lysozyme by the proximal tubule cells.

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“…In the same tissue, both glutamate and aspartate are able to trigger depolarization by increasing Na' and Ca"+ transport (1)(2)(3)(4). In both muscle and kidney cells, a reciprocal relationship exists between intracellular concentrations of the cationic amino acids, arginine and lysine, and of K+ (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Noteworthy is evidence that cationic amino acids can also enhance H+ exit from cells, resulting in an intracellular alkalosis (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both muscle and kidney cells, a reciprocal relationship exists between intracellular concentrations of the cationic amino acids, arginine and lysine, and of K+ (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Noteworthy is evidence that cationic amino acids can also enhance H+ exit from cells, resulting in an intracellular alkalosis (8). Heavy metals, such as copper and zinc, are known to have significant affinity for histidine and other amino acids (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), and at least copper uptake is influenced by the amino acid concentration gradient across the cell membrane (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of amino acids on vasopressin-stimulated water flow.

Carvounis¹,

Carvounis²,

Wilk³

1985

J. Clin. Invest.

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The presence of several naturally occurring amino acids in the serosal bath of toad urinary bladder significantly alters the hydrosmotic response of this tissue to vasopressin. We found that histidine, glutamate, and lysine increase vasopressinstimulated water flow by 75%, 60%, and 43%, respectively. In contrast, alanine did not alter vasopressin-stimulated water flow, whereas glutamine decreased it by 25%. The effect of each amino acid represents intracellular events because their effects on theophylline-stimulated water flow were similar to those found with vasopressin. However, the site of action of amino acids varied, with some operating at steps before and others at steps after cyclic AMP generation. The fact that the metabolically inactive D-histidine and D-glutamate are as effective as their metabolically active L-counterparts suggests that the action of amino acids depends upon some physicochemical properties of their molecules. The ability of amino acids to influence the hydrosmotic effects of vasopressin was shown to be independent of prostaglandin generation, ionic composition, and molecular charge.In the case of histidine, we were able to obtain some understanding of the mechanism responsible for its action. We first showed that the effect of histidine does not depend upon its metabolism. In addition to D-histidine being as effective as the metabolically active L-histidine, we also showed that histidine is effective when its metabolism is abolished by low ambient temperature and also when its incorporation into proteins was prevented by cycloheximide. These findings suggest that histidine operates through some physicochemical property localized on its molecule. We were able to show that this property resides on the imidazole part of histidine. Imidazole, similar to histidine, increases vasopressin-stimulated water flow. Methylation of histidine on the imidazole ring completely abolished its effectiveness in increasing vasopressin-stimulated water flow. In contrast, methylation of histidine at the side chain increased vasopressin action similar to that found for histidine.We provide evidence that the physicochemical property of the imidazole ring of histidine is that of chelating Zn++

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Mechanism of lysine-induced kaliuresis

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolomic profiling identifies novel associations with Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostatic patterns

Metabolomic profiling identifies novel associations with Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostatic patterns

Inhibition of Protein Reabsorption in the Renal Proximal Tubule by Basic Amino Acids

Importance of amino acids on vasopressin-stimulated water flow.

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