Mechanism of material removal in orthogonal cutting of cortical bone

Bai, Wei; Shu, Liming; Sun, Ronglei; Xu, Jianfeng; Silberschmidt, Vadim V.; Sugita, Naohiko

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103618

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…7(a), 8(a), 9(a) and 10(a). This conclusion agreed with the results reported in literatures [8,10]. However, the morphologies of chip curls at the same depth of cut showed the difference when the cutting angle was changed; it was caused by the difference of fracture strains due to the anisotropy of bone materials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…When the depth of cut was increased to 50 μm, the serrated chip indicated that the material was removed by shearing. This result agreed well with the conclusion in [8,10] that the serrated chip happened when the depth of the cut was in the range of (20 μm to 60 μm). Based on the experiments and theoretical models, shearing became the predominate material removal mechanism when the depth of cut was set in this range.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The experiments showed that the chip formation in Fig. 14(f) matched the results of theoretical analysis reported in [10]. Different from the title bone osteon in mode #2 (Fig.…”

Section: (C) and (D)supporting

confidence: 79%

“…1(d)), θ was set to 120°, and the cutting direction was with an angle of 120° to the bone osteon orientation. Due to anisotropy and semi-brittle property of bones, the materials were removed dominantly by shears in a small depth of cut ranging from 10 to 60 μm, and the chips were continuous in any cutting direction (Liao et al and Bai et al [8,10]). When the depth of cut was increased over 100 μm, the bone removal behavior varied with the cutting direction relative of bone osteon orientation since cutting was made in the scale of osteons and haversian canals.…”

Section: Chip Formation and Fracture Toughness In Different Cutting Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feldmann et al [9] characterized the effect of the rake angle and the depth of cut on the cutting force, the temperature and the fracture of brittle bones. Bai et al [10] rationalized the crack propagation and chip morphology at both of microstructure and sub-microstructure scales. The aforementioned studies confined the scope of investigation for depth of cut, rake angle, and three orthogonal cutting directions; few works were reported on the bone cutting behavior of cortical bones in an arbitrary cutting direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cutting behavior of cortical bone in different bone osten cutting angles and depths of cut

Luo

Ren

Shu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cortical bones are semi-brittle and anisotropic, this brings the challenge to suppress vibration and avoid undesired fracture in precise cutting processes in surgeries. In this paper, we proposed a novel analytical model to represent cutting processes of cortical bones, and we used to evaluate cutting forces and fracture toughness, and investigate the formations of chips and cracks under varying bone osteon cutting angles and depths. To validate the proposed model, the experiments are conducted on orthogonal cuttings over cortical bones to investigate the impact of bone osteon cutting angle and depth on cutting force, crack initialization and growth, and fracture toughness of cortical bone microstructure. The experimental results highly agreed with the prediction by the proposed model in sense that (1) curly, serrated, grainy and powdery chips were formed when the cutting angle was set as 0°, 60°, 90°, and 120°, respectively. (2) Bone materials were removed dominantly by shearing at a small depth of cut from 10 to 50 µm, and by a mixture of pealing, shearing, and bending at a large depth of cut over 100 µm at different cutting orientations. Moreover, it was found that a cutting path along the direction of crack initialization and propagation benefited to suppress the fluctuation of cutting force thus reduce the vibration. The presented model has theoretical and practical significance in optimizing cutting tools and operational parameters in surgeries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The experiments showed that the chip formation in Fig. 14(f) matched the results of theoretical analysis reported in [10]. Different from the title bone osteon in mode #2 (Fig.…”

Section: (C) and (D)supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Chip Formation and Fracture Toughness In Different Cutting Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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