Mechanism of Reduction in Grain and Particle Sizes of Ni<sub>x</sub>- Fe<sub>100x</sub>nanopowder by Mechanical Alloying

Ashokkumar, T.; Rajadurai, A.; Gouthama,

doi:10.1080/10426914.2012.727121

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The smaller the size of nanoparticles and the larger the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the more significant the pinning effect on the grain boundary, and the finer the grains form [100] . For example, the lattice mismatch between grains and nanoparticles is very small, so the existence of nanoparticles is equal to the increase of nucleating particles, which can refine grains [101] . Due to the fine microstructure obtained and the area of grain boundary increased, the preferred nucleation position increases during the transformation.…”

Section: Microstructure Manipulation and Strengthening Mechanisms Of Steel Reinforced By Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

et al. 2020

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The innovative and environmentally friendly methodologies for comprehensively enhancing the performances of high-strength steels without damage to plasticity, toughness and heat/corrosion/fatigue resistance are being developed. In recent years, nanoparticles elevate the field of high-strength steel. It is proposed that nanoparticles have the potential to replace conventional semi-coherent intermetallic compounds, carbides and alloying to optimize the steel. The fabrication process is simplified and the cost is lower compared with the traditional methods. Considerable research effort has been directed towards high-performance cast steels reinforced with nanoparticles due to potential application in major engineering. Nanoparticles are found to be capable of notably optimizing the nucleation behavior and precipitate process. The prominently optimized microstructure configuration and performances of cast steel can be acquired synchronously. In this review, the lattice matching and valence electron criterion between diverse nanoparticles and steel are summarized, and the existing various preparation methods are compared and analyzed. At present, there are four main methods to introduce nanoparticles into steel: external nanoparticle method, internal nanoparticle method, in-situ reaction method, and additive manufacturing method. These four methods have their own advantages and limitations, respectively. In this review, the synthesis, selection principle and strengthening mechanism of nanoparticles in cast steels for the above four methods are discussed in detail. Moreover, the main preparation methods and microstructure manipulation mechanism of the steel reinforced with different nanoparticles have been systematically expatiated. Finally, the development and future potential research directions of the application of nanoparticles in cast steel are prospected.

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Section: Microstructure Manipulation and Strengthening Mechanisms Of Steel Reinforced By Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

et al. 2020

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“…With further milling, more mechanical energy is transferred to powders, which resulted in stern plastic deformations and the accumulation of vacancies and dislocations in Nb lattices [11]. Powders underwent repeated cold welding and fragmentation and became finer [12]. The local temperature of powders also rose [13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of NbC Reinforced Low Carbon Steel by Immersing Nb(C)–Fe Powders in Steel Melt

Qin

Liao

Mao

2014

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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The preparation of in situ NbC particles reinforced steel by adding prefabricated blocks comprising Nb(C) solid solution and Fe powders into a low carbon steel melt was studied. Experimental results demonstrate that nano-sized NbC particles can be distributed uniformly in the steel matrix. Furthermore, the as-casted microstructure is refined, and the strength, ductility, and wear resistance of the steel improved notably. The proposed approaches can be practically applied to produce cast steel with significant enhancement in mechanical properties and lower cost in fabrication.

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“…The average crystallite size and strain of grinding powders were calculated by Williamson-Hall plot [17]. In this plot, the relation between crystallite size and strain is given by the equation βcos =k /D+4sin ; where ft is the corrected full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of XRD peaks gained from the refining, is the Bragg angle, k is constant (=0.89), X is the X-ray wavelength, D is the crystallite size and s is the strain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Grinding Particle Size on Structure and Electrical Properties of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO_3−δCompound

Le-Van

Tang

et al. 2015

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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In this paper, the influences of grinding particle size on the structure and electrical transport properties of La 0 . 67 Sr 033 MnO 3-,5 compound have been investigated. The compound was prepared by gel combustion process followed by grinding for different duration time. It was found that the lattice parameters, unit-cell volume, strain, oxygen deficiency, and temperature dependence of resistivity p-T increase with decreasing particle size. The p-T growth can be explained by the increasing contribution of the grain boundary effect, strain, and even oxygen deficiency. The electrical transport mechanism over the whole temperature range of 100-400 K was thoroughly described by applying the phase separation model around the phase transition temperature T P . This model was subsequently employed to calculate the p-T at high temperature up to 1000 K. The result showed there was a second phase transition at a typical temperature T*>T P , which could be attributed to the relaxation of small polarons to large ones. This relaxation occurred at lower temperatures when the particle size decreased. It might be due to the decrease in conduction bandwidth caused by the defects arisen during the grinding.

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Mechanism of Reduction in Grain and Particle Sizes of Ni_x- Fe_100xnanopowder by Mechanical Alloying

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

Fabrication of NbC Reinforced Low Carbon Steel by Immersing Nb(C)–Fe Powders in Steel Melt

Influence of Grinding Particle Size on Structure and Electrical Properties of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO_3−δCompound

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Mechanism of Reduction in Grain and Particle Sizes of Nix- Fe100xnanopowder by Mechanical Alloying

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

Fabrication of NbC Reinforced Low Carbon Steel by Immersing Nb(C)–Fe Powders in Steel Melt

Influence of Grinding Particle Size on Structure and Electrical Properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3−δCompound

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Product

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Mechanism of Reduction in Grain and Particle Sizes of Ni_x- Fe_100xnanopowder by Mechanical Alloying

Influence of Grinding Particle Size on Structure and Electrical Properties of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO_3−δCompound