Mechanism of resistance in rice varieties showing differential reaction to brown planthopper

Reddy, K Venugopala; Kalode, M. B.

doi:10.1007/bf03186325

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Similar observations have also been recorded in rice varieties to brown planthopper and green leafhopper (Sogawa and Pathak 1970;Cheng and Pathak 1972;Karim 1975;Reddy and Kalode 1985;Heinrichs et al 1985;Khan and Saxena 1985b). Histology of fed tissue showed that there were no physical or mechanical barriers to prevent the insect feeding on resistant varieties where majority of the stylet sheaths reached vascular bundles (table 4).…”

Section: Feeding Behavioursupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The present results also reveal this trend for both N. virescens and N. niqropictus. However, high level of initial nymphal mortality was not observed in case of brown planthopper as only 19'5-30% nymphal mortality was recorded upto 6th day of caging on resistant varieties (Reddy and Kalode 1985 3.3b Field test: High level of resistance in Ptb 18, Ptb 2 and Ptb 7 as observed in the greenhouse was further confirmed in field experimentation (figure 4). Both the species indicated close similarity in population buildup showing peaks at 60 days after transplantation though the number of N. niqropictus was relatively less than that of N. virescens particularly on susceptible variety TN 1 and moderately resistant IR 8.…”

Section: Studies On Antibiosis Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Comparable observations have been made with resistant varieties by Cheng and Pathak (1972) with green leafhopper and in case of brown planthopper by Sogawa (1973), Kalode and Krishna (1979) and Reddy and Kalode (1985). In contrast, the honeydew excreted by N. cincticeps on resistant rice plants was by far more in quantity than those on susceptible plants (Kawabe 1985).…”

Section: Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Similar tests were carried out by caging 4 third instar nymphs. Honeydew droplets were collected on Whatman filter paper by adopting technique similar to that described by Reddy and Kalode (1985). After 24 h, the insects were removed and the extent of honeydew excreted was visually assessed by spraying the Whatman filter paper with ninhydrin reagent (0'02%), which reacts as pinkish yellow spots with the amino acids present (IRRI 1968).…”

Section: Feeding Behaviour On Selected Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Viswanathan

Kalode

1987

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)

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In multiple 'Choice tests with 30-day-old plants of resistant and, susceptible varieties. both the species of green leafhoppers, N ephotettix »irescens (Distant) and N ephotettlx niqropictus (Stal) exhibited relative non-preference to highly resistant varieties (Ptb 2, Ptb 7 and Ptb 18) both for settling and oviposition. Even when 100 first instar nymphs were caged on individual 25-day-old plants of highly resistant varieties, the plants suffered very low damage and also induced high mortality of nymphs. Different ages of the plants had no influence on the antibiosis mechanism of resistant varieties. Feeding behaviour studies revealed that both the species made more punctures and excreted less honeydew while feeding on resistant varieties than on susceptible ones. Histological studies indicated no mechanical barrier for feeding in resistant varieties.. Field investigations indicated that resistant varieties viz Ptb 18, Ptb 2 and Ptb 7 harboured less population of green leafhoppers and had relatively nil or very low incidence of tungro virus disease. An year round survey in the rice ecosystem and marshy habitat where Leersia hexandra grows in abundance revealed that although both the species coexisted in rice fields, Nephotettix niqropictus alone was present in the marshy habitat.

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Section: Feeding Behavioursupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Studies On Antibiosis Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Feeding Behaviour On Selected Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Viswanathan

Kalode

1987

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)

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“…It has previously been shown that resistant rice cultivars against brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) receive more probing punctures and feeding marks than susceptible varieties ( Reddy and Kalode 1985 , Sogawa and Pathak 1970 ). Sogawa and Pathak (1970) found that although the resistant cultivar ‘Mudgo’ did not have any obvious mechanical barrier to feeding by the brown planthopper and provided the insects with better access to feeding sites than the susceptible varieties ‘IR8’ and ‘Taichung 1’, brown planthoppers did not prefer and excreted very little honeydew on Mudgo, probably because of a lack of feeding stimuli or the presence of one or more taste repellents for brown planthoppers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. ‘Milyang 44’ husks on the resistance to two rice stink bugs

et al. 2020

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To elucidate the resistance mechanisms of the rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cultivar ‘Milyang 44’ against rice stink bugs, we compared the number of stylet sheaths, husk perforations, and feeding marks on the surface of the grains caused by Leptocorisa chinensis and Cletus punctiger on Milyang 44 and the control cultivar, i.e., ‘Aichinokaori SBL’. We also examined the cross-sectional structure of the rice husks. We found that the number of stylet sheaths per panicle was higher in Milyang 44 than in Aichinokaori SBL for both rice stink bug species, except in one test involving C. punctiger . However, Milyang 44 had significantly less damage per number of stylet sheaths than Aichinokaori SBL, resulting in a lower percentage rates of pecky rice grains in Milyang 44. Interestingly, there was no difference in the percentage rates of pecky rice between the two cultivars after removing one third of the husks. Histological analysis showed that the sclerenchymatous cell wall containing lignin of husk was thicker in Milyang 44 than in Aichinokaori SBL, suggesting that the husk of Milyang 44 plays an important role in its resistance to these two rice stink bug species.

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Heritable Epigenomic Modifications Influence Stress Resilience and Rapid Adaptations in the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)

Gupta

Nair

2022

IJMS

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DNA methylation in insects is integral to cellular differentiation, development, gene regulation, genome integrity, and phenotypic plasticity. However, its evolutionary potential and involvement in facilitating rapid adaptations in insects are enigmatic. Moreover, our understanding of these mechanisms is limited to a few insect species, of which none are pests of crops. Hence, we studied methylation patterns in the brown planthopper (BPH), a major rice pest, under pesticide and nutritional stress, across its life stages. Moreover, as the inheritance of epigenetic changes is fundamentally essential for acclimation, adaptability, and evolution, we determined the heritability and persistence of stress-induced methylation marks in BPH across generations. Our results revealed that DNA methylation pattern(s) in BPH varies/vary with environmental cues and is/are insect life-stage specific. Further, our findings provide novel insights into the heritability of stress-induced methylation marks in BPH. However, it was observed that, though heritable, these marks eventually fade in the absence of the stressors, thereby suggesting the existence of fitness cost(s) associated with the maintenance of the stressed epigenotype. Furthermore, we demonstrate how 5-azacytidine-mediated disruption of BPH methylome influences expression levels of stress-responsive genes and, thereby, highlight demethylation/methylation as a phenomenon underlying stress resilience of BPH.

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Mechanism of resistance in rice varieties showing differential reaction to brown planthopper

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

The role of <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. ‘Milyang 44’ husks on the resistance to two rice stink bugs

Heritable Epigenomic Modifications Influence Stress Resilience and Rapid Adaptations in the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)

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