Mechanism of Runaway Electron Generation at Gas Pressures from a Few Atmospheres to Several Tens of Atmospheres

Зубарев, Н. М.; Ivanov, S. N.

doi:10.1134/s1063780x18040104

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The build‐up of the positive ion layer near the cathode surface enhances the cathode field. Ivanov et al [96] and Zubarev and Ivanov [97] investigated the initial phase of a sub‐nanosecond pulsed breakdown of a high‐pressure gas gap. It was found that the electric field near the cathode surface was significantly increased, which was related to the formation of a charge‐depleted region [96].…”

Section: Effects Of Waveform Parameters On Discharge Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitively pulsed gas discharges: memory effect and discharge mode transition

Zhao

2020

High Voltage

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Repetitively pulsed gas volume and dielectric surface discharges have gained growing attention because of peculiar and exciting physics phenomena, high efficiency, high reactivity, and potential to obtain conventionally unachievable plasma properties. Nevertheless, incomplete understanding of fundamental mechanisms renders the repetitively pulsed discharge far less predictable and controllable, where the inherent memory effect and the discharge mode transition are universal challenges. In this topical review, the authors will explore the macroscopic characteristics of the gas gap breakdown and the surface flashover, state‐of‐the‐art mechanisms and dominant agents of discharge memory effects, operation regimes and transitions of the discharge mode, and how waveform parameters affect the pulsed discharge properties. Challenges and potential approaches for further understanding the memory effect and the discharge mode transition in the repetitively pulsed discharge are discussed.

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Section: Effects Of Waveform Parameters On Discharge Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitively pulsed gas discharges: memory effect and discharge mode transition

Zhao

2020

High Voltage

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“…, where v e and E are in cgs units and P is in Torr, 47 giving P ¼ 791 Torr. Thus, the triple point yields similar physically realizable conditions for these gases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unification of field emission and space charge limited emission with collisions

Darr

Loveless

Garner

2019

Applied Physics Letters

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Electron emission plays a vital role in device design for systems with pressures ranging from vacuum to atmospheric pressure. Nonuniform pressure in vacuum devices and gap sizes below microscale for electronics near atmospheric pressure necessitate further theoretical characterization of the transition between electron emission phenomena. This letter incorporates collisions into analytical equations describing the transition from the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) equation for field emission to space-charge limited emission (SCLE). We recover the Child-Langmuir (CL) law for vacuum, SCLE at high mobility l, and the Mott-Gurney (MG) law for collisional SCLE at low l. The exact solutions follow asymptotic solutions for FN at low voltage V, before transitioning to MG at higher V, and, ultimately, to CL independent of l. We also define a never before seen "triple-point," where the asymptotic solutions of all three electron emission regimes converge. Fixing V, l, or gap distance D uniquely specifies the other two parameters to achieve this triple point, which defines a regime where the electron emission mechanism is very sensitive to experimental conditions. The implications on device design are discussed.

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“…В воздухе атмосферного давления пучки убегающих электронов за тонкой анодной фольгой фиксировались шунтом или коллектором в четырех научных группах [7,9,10,14]. Теоретические модели, см., например, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], объясняют ряд важных тенденций при генерации пучков электронов. Однако полученные параметры и реализованные режимы генерации пучков убегающих электронов в различных экспериментальных работах [7,9,10,14] существенно отличаются.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Предлагаются различные механизмы генерации убегающих электронов. Например, за счет " пространственного заряда ионов" [22], " эффекта поляризационного самоускорения электронов" [23], нагрева газа в микроканалах, который " обеспечивает рост отношения напряженности электрического поля к концентрации газа в микроканалах до значений, достаточных для генерации в них пучков высокоэнергетичных электронов и тормозного рентгеновского излучения" [24], и другие [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Формирование Двух Импульсов Тока Пучка Убегающих Электронов

Белоплотов¹,

Тарасенко²,

Sorokin³

et al. 2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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The conditions for the formation of two current pulses of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of a point-to-plane and tube-to-plane gaps in high-pressure air, nitrogen, and helium are studied. It has been shown experimentally that, depending on a pressure and kind of gas, a rise time of voltage pulse with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts, three modes of generation of runaway electron beams are observed. In the first mode, a single current pulse of runaway electron beam is observed at the maximum voltage across the gap, when a streamer appears in the vicinity of the pointed electrode (cathode). Its duration is ≈100 ps. In the second mode, two current pulses of runaway electron beams are observed at a lower pressure. The first pulse is generated as in the first mode. The second pulse is generated after the gap is bridged by the streamer (the first ionization wave). The electron energy in the second pulse is significantly less than in the first one, but the duration and amplitude of second current pulse under optimal conditions are greater. The third mode is implemented at lower pressures than in the second one. The generation of runaway electrons continues after the first pulse without a pause in the quasi-stationary stage. The total current pulse duration is hundreds of picoseconds.

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Mechanism of Runaway Electron Generation at Gas Pressures from a Few Atmospheres to Several Tens of Atmospheres

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Repetitively pulsed gas discharges: memory effect and discharge mode transition

Repetitively pulsed gas discharges: memory effect and discharge mode transition

Unification of field emission and space charge limited emission with collisions

Формирование Двух Импульсов Тока Пучка Убегающих Электронов

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