Mechanism of Senescence in Carnation Flowers

Satoh, Shigeru; Shibuya, Kazuhiko; Waki, Keisuke; Kosugi, Yusuke

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.669.24

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In naturally senescent carnation flowers, expression of ACS and ACO genes occurs first in the ovary, and then in the style and petals (ten Have and Woltering 1997). Early expression of two genes in gynoecia results in ethylene production that triggers onset the ethylene production in petals (Satoh et al 2005). The carnation ACS gene is known to show differential expression in a tissuespecific manner: DC-ACS1 is expressed in petals, although DC-ACS2 and DC-ACS3 are expressed in styles (Jones and Woodson 1999).…”

Section: Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ethylene produced initially in gynoecia might induce autocatalytic ethylene production and in-rolling in carnation petals (Shibuya et al 2000;Satoh et al 2005). The increased ethylene production is correlated with the increased concentration of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) in petals (Bufler et al 1980), increased activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) (Manning 1985;Borochov and Woodson 1989;Woodson et al 1992) and expression of both ACS and ACO genes in senescing petals Shibuya et al 2000;Satoh et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression of enzyme activities and gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase in cut carnation flowers under high-temperature conditions

et al. 2007

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High-temperature depression of ethylene production in cut carnation flowers cv. 'Excerea' can occur because of inhibition of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) activities in flowers. Large differences were apparent between ACS activity in petals at 24°C and 32°C. These ACC-accumulationrelated activities were markedly decreased in petals at 32°C, indicating that a low ACS activity and ACC accumulation in petals are a factor of ethylene biosynthesis inhibition under high-temperature conditions. In addition, the respective expressions of DC-ACO1 and DC-ACS1 were low in both gynoecia and petals of flowers kept at 32°C. Results indicate that low ACS and ACO activities under high-temperature conditions were transcriptionally regulated.

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Section: Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression of enzyme activities and gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase in cut carnation flowers under high-temperature conditions

et al. 2007

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“…Recent studies on senescing carnation flowers revealed that petal senescence is triggered by ethylene produced from the gynoecium during natural senescence (Shibuya et al, 2000;Satoh, 2011;Satoh et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Crossings and Selections for Six Generations Based on Flower Vase Life to Create Lines with Ethylene Resistance or Ultra-long Vase Life in Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

Onozaki

Yagi

Tanase

et al. 2011

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The vase life of cut flowers is one of the most important breeding targets in ornamentals; therefore, we started a research breeding program in 1992 to improve the vase life of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers by means of conventional breeding techniques. Crossings and selections of six generations were effective to improve vase life. The mean vase life was 7.4 days for the initial parental generation derived from crossing six parental cultivars; in contrast, after six cycles of crossing and selection, it was improved to 15.9 days, resulting in a net increase of 8.5 days. Moreover, the significant increase of 0.9 days in mean vase life was observed from the fifth to sixth generations, indicating that the breeding progress of flower vase life was continuing in the sixth generation. We selected two ethylene-resistant lines (203-42S and 204-41S) in the fifth generation. The response time to 10 µL·L −1 ethylene was 23.0 h for line 203-42S and 34.2 h for 204-41S, whereas that of a control cultivar, 'White Sim' was 7.6 h. The mean vase life of the 18 selected sixth-generation lines ranged from 15.5 to 32.7 days (between 258% and 536% the value of 'White Sim'). In particular, line 532-6 with an ultra-long vase life showed the longest vase life among all cultivars and lines; the mean vase life of line 532-6 was 32.7 days in 2007 and 27.8 days in 2008 (536% and 463% the value of 'White Sim', respectively) at 23°C and 70% RH under a 12-h photoperiod, without chemical treatment. Closer observation of petals during senescence showed that line 532-6 was characterized by a lack of brownish discoloration of petals, which was a senescence symptom of other selected lines with low ethylene production, when the flower lost its ornamental value.

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“…Senescence in carnation flowers is temporally related to autocatalytic ethylene production and petal in-rolling [ 32 , 33 ]. Enhanced ethylene production during senescence of carnation flowers was associated with increased expression of ACO genes in senescing petals [ 34 ]. Enhanced expression of ACO1 might be contributing towards the increased production of ethylene in PI3K-OX plants and accelerating flower senescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) Enhances Ethylene Biosynthesis and Accelerates Flower Senescence in Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L.

Dek

Padmanabhan

Sherif

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a key enzyme that phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol at 3’-hydroxyl position of the inositol head group initiating the generation of several phosphorylated phosphatidylinositols, collectively referred to as phosphoinositides. The function of PI3K in plant senescence and ethylene signal transduction process was studied by expression of Solanum lycopersicum PI3K in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum, and delineating its effect on flower senescence. Detached flowers of transgenic tobacco plants with overexpressed Sl-PI3K (OX) displayed accelerated senescence and reduced longevity, when compared to the flowers of wild type plants. Flowers from PI3K-overexpressing plants showed enhanced ethylene production and upregulated expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase 1 (ACO1). Real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that PI3K was expressed at a higher level in OX flowers than in the control. Seedlings of OX-lines also demonstrated a triple response phenotype with characteristic exaggerated apical hook, shorter hypocotyls and increased sensitivity to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate than the control wild type seedlings. In floral tissue from OX-lines, Solanum lycopersicum phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase green fluorescent protein (PI3K-GFP) chimera protein was localized primarily in stomata, potentially in cytoplasm and membrane adjacent to stomatal pores in the guard cells. Immunoblot analysis of PI3K expression in OX lines demonstrated increased protein level compared to the control. Results of the present study suggest that PI3K plays a crucial role in senescence by enhancing ethylene biosynthesis and signaling.

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Mechanism of Senescence in Carnation Flowers

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Depression of enzyme activities and gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase in cut carnation flowers under high-temperature conditions

Depression of enzyme activities and gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase in cut carnation flowers under high-temperature conditions

Crossings and Selections for Six Generations Based on Flower Vase Life to Create Lines with Ethylene Resistance or Ultra-long Vase Life in Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

Upregulation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) Enhances Ethylene Biosynthesis and Accelerates Flower Senescence in Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L.

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