1993
DOI: 10.1021/j100120a026
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Mechanism of surface diffusion of gold adatoms in contact with an electrolytic solution

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Cited by 120 publications
(95 citation statements)
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“…It has been found that during the dealloying of Al-based alloys in alkali solution, surface diffusivity of the MN atoms is much slower than that in acid media due to the formation of MN-hydroxy species, the interaction of MN atoms and OH À , and the low solubility of AlO 2 À [29][30][31][32]. On the other hand, the adsorption of chloride ion (Cl À ) in acidic solution can greatly enhance the surface diffusion of MN atoms along alloy/solution interfaces during dealloying due to modification of adsorbed bonds between neighboring sites via electron transfer reactions [10,18,33,34]. These will also be further discussed based on calculation on the surface diffusivity in the following section.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been found that during the dealloying of Al-based alloys in alkali solution, surface diffusivity of the MN atoms is much slower than that in acid media due to the formation of MN-hydroxy species, the interaction of MN atoms and OH À , and the low solubility of AlO 2 À [29][30][31][32]. On the other hand, the adsorption of chloride ion (Cl À ) in acidic solution can greatly enhance the surface diffusion of MN atoms along alloy/solution interfaces during dealloying due to modification of adsorbed bonds between neighboring sites via electron transfer reactions [10,18,33,34]. These will also be further discussed based on calculation on the surface diffusivity in the following section.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such rearrangement requires gold atoms to move~1 nm over 1 s, requiring surface diffusion coefficients at least of the same order or faster than 10 ±14 cm 2 s ±1 , a value consistent with those measured by morphological relaxation of rough gold electrodes under applied electrochemical potential. [14] This value for the room-temperature surface diffusion coefficient is at least four orders of magnitude faster than the magnitude of the surface diffusion coefficient of gold measured in vacuum extrapolated to room temperature, [23] and seems to be a generic phenomenon associated with surface diffusion of simple face-centered cubic (fcc) metals in non-oxidizing electrolytes. Fast diffusion is easily stopped by simply removing a sample from acid and transferring it to water, quenching the microstructure at the time of transfer.…”
Section: ±2mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is a relatively unappreciated phenomenon, but has been well-characterized. [14] 2) Because porosity formation depends only on interfacial kinetics, uniform porosity evolution is predicted for dissolution of even very thin alloy films. This prediction is contrary to earlier models of porosity evolution that invoke the presence of anomalous highly mobile bulk defects (ªdi-vacanciesº) that serve to transport silver from deep in the alloy to the surface.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These measured n were compatible with the kinetic parameter, 4, reflecting a coalescence process of roughened metals. 10) We then calculated the activation energy of coarsening kinetics by a loglinear fit of pore size versus annealing times, as shown in Fig. 5.…”
Section: ¹1mentioning
confidence: 99%