Mechanism underlying nephroprotective property of curcumin against sodium nitrite‐induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rat

Abstract

The use of sodium nitrite (NaNO) as preservative and fixative in meat and fish processing has gained tremendous attention in food industries (Hassan et al., 2009). It is responsible for the desirable red color (or shaded pink) of meat. In the medical industry, it is used mostly as muscle or bronchial dilator as well as a relaxant (Sun, Aoki, Wang, Guo, & Misumi, 2006), it is useful in relieving post hemorrhagic cerebral vasospasm (Fathi, Pluta, Bakhtian, Qi, & Lonser, 2011) and heart attack (Jones et al., 2013). The beneficial effect of NaNO2 has been reported to be achieved at the physiological concentration (McNally, Griffin, & Roberts, 2016). Despite all the beneficial effects of NaNO 2 , it was reported that exposure to its high concentration can trigger acute and chronic detrimental influence in several organs. For example, organ damage in rats following a single acute or chronic exposures to NaNO 2 at doses ranging from 20-75 mg/kg body weight has been