Mechanisms and Factors Associated With Tackle-Related Injuries in South African Youth Rugby Union Players

Burger, Nicholas; Lambert, Mike; Viljoen, Wayne; Brown, James; Readhead, Clint; Hollander, Steve den; Hendricks, Sharief

doi:10.1177/0363546516677548

Cited by 48 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Tacklers were significantly more likely to sustain concussion when they contacted with their head/neck as the first point of contact. Our finding is in line with the results of previous research on injury scenes using video records in rugby union 15,28) . It was suggested that tacklers had a higher risk of concussion if tacklers made contact with their head as the first contact point.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestssupporting

confidence: 93%

Video analysis of tackling situations leading to concussion in collegiate rugby union

Suzuki

Nagai

Ogaki

et al. 2019

JPFSM

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the tackling characteristics of tacklers relationship causing concussion based on match video records in the collegiate rugby union. Twenty-three tackling situations leading to concussion were identified based on injury data and video records. Additionally, 94 tackling situations in which concussion did not occur were extracted from the same matches. Overall, one hundred and seventeen tackling situations were analyzed in detail, and categorized into three tackle phases and outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify which tackling characteristics in the tackler relationship had a higher chance of concussion. The chance of concussion occurring to a tackler was significantly higher for collision tackle (odds ratio [OR] 84.00, 95% CI 8.27-853.11), making initial contact with tackler's head/neck (OR 23.47, 95% CI 4.80-114.71), no arm usage by tackler (OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.23-10.20) and tackle break by ball-carrier (OR 5.76, 95% CI 1.67-19.85). Conversely, tacklers were significantly less likely to suffer concussion when the ball-carrier performed a side step before initial contact (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01-0.85). In conclusion, tackles leading to concussion were related to various factors in the time period before and after tackle as well as in the moment of tackle. The results of this study suggest that further research needs to be done, given the relationship between each tackling characteristic. Moreover, we consider that players and coaching staff should improve tackle skill safety by clarifying the common contributing factors to both suffering concussion and tackle performance.

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Section: Conflict Of Interestssupporting

confidence: 93%

Video analysis of tackling situations leading to concussion in collegiate rugby union

Suzuki

Nagai

Ogaki

et al. 2019

JPFSM

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“…World Rugby has implemented recent law changes, with a specific focus on reducing the risk of head injury during a tackle. Tackle technique features associated with tackle-related injury have been identified in adult professional11 and competitive under-18 players 12. However, to our knowledge, no targeted interventions and reassessment of injury incidence have been carried out based on these technical recommendations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Match injury incidence during the Super Rugby tournament is high: a prospective cohort study over five seasons involving 93 641 player-hours

et al. 2018

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Schwellnus, M.P. et al. (2018). Match injury incidence during the Super Rugby tournament is high : a prospective cohort study over five seasons involving 93 641 player-hours. Abstract: Objectives To determine the incidence and nature of injuries in the Super Rugby tournament over a 5-year period. Methods 482 male professional rugby union players from six South African teams participating in the Super Rugby tournament were studied (1020 player-seasons). Medical staff of participating teams (2012-2016 tournaments) recorded all time loss injuries (total injuries and match injuries) and exposure hours (93 641 total playing hours; 8032 match hours). Injury incidence, injured player proportion, severity (time lost), anatomical location, tissue type and activity/phase during which injury occurred are reported.Results The overall incidence of match injuries (per 1000 player-hours; 95% CI) for each year was as follows:

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“…Regardless of the presence or absence of a concussion, the newly identified characteristics might have been seen frequently in the concussed tacklers. Thus, the definition used in previous research 7,11,12 might have underestimated the characteristics related to the occurrence of concussions while the definition used in the present study may have been able to solve this problem. Although the present study revealed important data for the prevention of tackler-related concussion, as mentioned above, several limitations should be addressed.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 70%

“…These findings are in line with the results of previous research on the characteristics of tackles based on video records in rugby union. 7,11,12,19 However, the confidence intervals of these characteristics were fairly wide. It is considered that the numbers within the subgroup, tackles with or without a concussion, were not drastically different in comparison to that for other characteristics, and thus, the standard error was large.…”

Section: Factors Increasing the Likelihood Of The Tackler-related Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, we defined the control cohort by a different method compared to that used in previous studies on youth and amateur rugby union. 7,11,12 We included the tackles performed by non-concussed tacklers, who played at the same position as that of the concussed tacklers within the same match, as the control cohort. As a result, we identified some new tackling characteristics related to the occurrence of concussion.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and factors of concussion events for tacklers in collegiate rugby union

Suzuki

Nagai

Iwai

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the occurrence of concussion in rugby tacklers. Match video records showing tackles leading to concussion were used to identify injury-inciting events. Additionally, noninjury tackles by concussed tacklers (prior to concussion) and position-matched tacklers from the same matches were used as a control cohort. All tackles were coded according to the tackling characteristics. The odds ratio (OR) was reported by logistic regression. The results demonstrated that a side step of the ball-carrier reduced the risk of concussion for tacklers (OR = 0.13 [95% CI, 0.03-0.58]; P = .008). Conversely, the tackler's head/neck contacting the ball-carrier (OR = 18.62 [95% CI, 4.59-75.49]; P < .001) and not remaining bound to the ball-carrier since making initial contact (OR = 4.38 [95% CI, 1.69-11.34]; P = .002) were identified as risk factors for the concussion of tacklers. These results suggest that avoidance movements of the ball-carrier prior to tackling reduced the risk of concussion and that incorrect tackling techniques contributed to an increased occurrence of concussion. Furthermore, the probability of concussion for tacklers increased when their head was in front or to one side of the ball-carrier, and the direction of the tackle also affected the risk of concussion, especially from the side. Therefore, it is important to emphasize the tackler's head position in conjunction with the direction of tackle. K E Y W O R D Scommunity rugby, concussion, etiology, inciting event, tackle 186 | SUZUKI et al.

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Mechanisms and Factors Associated With Tackle-Related Injuries in South African Youth Rugby Union Players

Cited by 48 publications

References 60 publications

Video analysis of tackling situations leading to concussion in collegiate rugby union

Video analysis of tackling situations leading to concussion in collegiate rugby union

Match injury incidence during the Super Rugby tournament is high: a prospective cohort study over five seasons involving 93 641 player-hours

Characteristics and factors of concussion events for tacklers in collegiate rugby union

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