Mechanisms and molecular approaches for heat tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under climate change scenario

Agronomic, physiological and molecular characterization of rice mutants revealed key role of ROS and catalase in high temperature stress tolerance

“…Based on these results and previous reports (Jagadish et al 2010; Scafaro et al 2010; Zafar et al 2018), it could be inferred that the high antioxidant levels under HTS resulted in ROS scavenging, which played a key role in heat tolerance. Thus, higher SOD and CAT activities and lower MDA levels could serve as important selection indices for heat tolerance at early growth stages in rice.…”

“…The reproductive phase includes panicle development, anthesis and pollination. Rice crops are sensitive to high temperature at multiple growth stages, but booting and anthesis are the most critical stages that result in heavy yield losses due to sterility (Chaturvedi et al 2017; Shah et al 2011; Zafar et al 2018). During the initial field evaluation in 2014, high temperatures at both the vegetative and reproductive stages were recorded in Multan (designated HTS treatment), relative to those in Faisalabad (normal condition) (Figure S1).…”

“…Rice production is very susceptible to high-temperature stress as it results in poor seed set due to pollen sterility or anther indehiscence (Arshad et al 2017). High temperature increases membrane injury and impairs metabolic functions which affect agronomic traits directly linked to yield (Mohammed and Tarpley 2009; Zafar et al 2018). The mechanisms of heat-stress tolerance in plants are complex and governed by many genes, proteins, antioxidants and other factors that involve various physiological and biochemical amendments in cells, such as modifications to cell membrane function and structure and primary and secondary metabolites (Huang and Xu 2008).…”

Rice OsHSFA3 Gene Improves Drought Tolerance by Modulating Polyamine Biosynthesis Depending on Abscisic Acid and ROS Levels

“…Overall, this study reveals that OsHSFA3 improves drought tolerance in Arabidopsis not only by increasing ABA levels, but also by modulating polyamine levels to maintain ROS homeostasis, therefore it could be a strong candidate to develop drought-tolerant rice cultivars.Since plants cannot move from one place to other to avoid the harmful effects of stresses, they adopt various mechanisms for stress tolerance. The antioxidant defense system is one of the major tolerance mechanisms for ROS scavenging under abiotic stresses [14]. Enzymatic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) are key ROS-scavenging enzymes [15,16].…”

“…Since plants cannot move from one place to other to avoid the harmful effects of stresses, they adopt various mechanisms for stress tolerance. The antioxidant defense system is one of the major tolerance mechanisms for ROS scavenging under abiotic stresses [14]. Enzymatic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) are key ROS-scavenging enzymes [15,16].…”