Mechanisms and pathology of occupational asthma

Mapp, C. E.; Saetta, Marina; Maestrelli, Piero; Stefano, Antonino Di; Chitano, Pasquale; Boschetto, Pierà; Ciaccia, A.; Fabbri, Leonardo

doi:10.1183/09031936.94.07030544

Cited by 88 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The present increase in subepithelial CD4+ T-cell density in nonsmokers with occupational asthma is comparable to what has previously been shown in ''traditional'' asthma [1,2], and illustrates the immunopathological similarity between occupational and nonoccupational asthma [13,14]. The lack of a similar increase in subepithelial CD4+ T-cell density in the smoking asthmatics was rather surprising, and apparently disagrees with the current concept of asthma immunopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Reduced bronchial CD4+ T-cell density in smokers with occupational asthma

Sjåheim¹,

Kongerud²,

Bjørtuft³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

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Cigarette smoking may alter bronchial inflammation in asthma. Multicolour immunohistofluorescent examination on bronchial cryosections was used to examine bronchial inflammatory cell infiltrate in patients with occupational asthma. Monoclonal antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, T-cell receptor-d1, CD68 and human leukocyte antigen-DR were combined to identify Tcell subsets and macrophages in bronchial biopsies from 20 workers with occupational asthma (12 smokers and eight nonsmokers), 15 healthy workers (seven smokers and eight nonsmokers) and 10 nonsmoking, nonexposed controls.The increased subepithelial CD4+ T-cell density in nonsmoking asthmatics was not present in smoking asthmatics, who had the lowest CD4+ T-cell density of all groups. The decreased subepithelial CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell density correlated with a reduction in lung function, as measured by percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in one second, in smoking asthmatics only. Although smoking asthmatics had a significantly increased number of intraepithelial CD8+ T-cells and macrophages compared with nonsmoking asthmatics, the proportion of cd-T-cells was significantly decreased in both asthmatic groups.Smoking asthmatics had a distinctly different distribution of T-cell subsets compared with nonsmoking asthmatics. The accumulation of subepithelial CD4+ T-cells, which was observed in nonsmoking asthmatics, appeared to be inhibited in smoking asthmatics, suggesting a smokinginduced bronchial immune modulation, at least in occupational asthma in the aluminium industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Reduced bronchial CD4+ T-cell density in smokers with occupational asthma

Sjåheim¹,

Kongerud²,

Bjørtuft³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

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show abstract

“…How exposure to isocyanates leads to isocyanate sensitization and asthma has been poorly defined. Studies to date, largely on TDI-and MDI-exposed patients, have found airway inflammation and suggest that isocyanate asthma is immunologically mediated predominantly through non-IgE mechanisms (1,2,7,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway isocyanate-adducts in asthma induced by exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate

Redlich

Mh²,

Graham³

et al. 1997

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…triggering asthma attacks) [36]. Among the mechanisms proposed in the pathogenesis of occupational asthma, the immunological one plays a key role [35].…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…diisocyanates), textile workers (dyes) and users of plastics and epoxy resins (e.g. anhydrides) [35].…”

Section: Occupations At Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%