Mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for folic acid in cardiovascular disease

Moens, An L.; Vrints, Christiaan J.; Claeys, Marc J.; Timmermans, Jean‐Pierre; Champion, Hunter C.; Kass, David A.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.91503.2007

Cited by 96 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Folic acid stimulates NO and deficient intake is common; the recommended daily intake is 400 mg. 52 Homocysteine levels are increased in men with ED, in some cases due to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms, 53 in which case higher than usual doses of folic acid may be necessary to normalize serum homocysteine levels.…”

Section: Folic Acid and Hyperhomocysteinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle and metabolic approaches to maximizing erectile and vascular health

et al. 2011

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Oxidative stress and inflammation, which disrupt nitric oxide (NO) production directly or by causing resistance to insulin, are central determinants of vascular diseases including ED. Decreased vascular NO has been linked to abdominal obesity, smoking and high intakes of fat and sugar, which all cause oxidative stress. Men with ED have decreased vascular NO and circulating and cellular antioxidants. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers are increased in men with ED, and all increase with age. Exercise increases vascular NO, and more frequent erections are correlated with decreased ED, both in part due to stimulation of endothelial NO production by shear stress. Exercise and weight loss increase insulin sensitivity and endothelial NO production. Potent antioxidants or high doses of weaker antioxidants increase vascular NO and improve vascular and erectile function. Antioxidants may be particularly important in men with ED who smoke, are obese or have diabetes. Omega-3 fatty acids reduce inflammatory markers, decrease cardiac death and increase endothelial NO production, and are therefore critical for men with ED who are under age 60 years, and/or have diabetes, hypertension or coronary artery disease, who are at increased risk of serious or even fatal cardiac events. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have recently been shown to improve antioxidant status and NO production and allow more frequent and sustained penile exercise. Some angiotensin II receptor blockers decrease oxidative stress and improve vascular and erectile function and are therefore preferred choices for lowering blood pressure in men with ED. Lifestyle modifications, including physical and penile-specific exercise, weight loss, omega-3 and folic acid supplements, reduced intakes of fat and sugar, and improved antioxidant status through diet and/or supplements should be integrated into any comprehensive approach to maximizing erectile function, resulting in greater overall success and patient satisfaction, as well as improved vascular health and longevity.

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Section: Folic Acid and Hyperhomocysteinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle and metabolic approaches to maximizing erectile and vascular health

et al. 2011

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“…Recent intervention studies, such as HOPE-2, NORVIT, WAFAC and VISP, however, have not discovered any benefits of the supplementation with folic acid combined with the intake of vitamin B12 and B6, with the exception of a decrease in the number of cerebral strokes (11,(23)(24)(25). Therefore, some researchers hypothesise that homocysteine is not a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases but only a signal of disturbances related to atherosclerotic processes in the vessel wall (26,27). Analysis of the literature data shows that study results concerning the reduction of homocysteine concentration represent the effects regarding the alleviation of hyperhomocysteinaemia, effects of medication and vitamin intake, and the advancement of pathological processes in examined patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of the literature data shows that study results concerning the reduction of homocysteine concentration represent the effects regarding the alleviation of hyperhomocysteinaemia, effects of medication and vitamin intake, and the advancement of pathological processes in examined patients. The scientific community continues to discuss the need for further perspectives of studies on hyperhomocysteinaemia (26,28,29). The results of these examinations, although difficult to conduct from the logistic point of view and requiring a long observation period, can give responses to many current questions concerning hyperhomocysteinaemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Supplementation with Folic Acid on Homocysteine Concentration and Selected Lipoprotein Parameters in Patients with Primary Hypertension

Baszczuk¹,

Thielemann²,

Musialik³

et al. 2017

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryThe aim of the study was the assessment of the impact of supplementation with folic acid on the concentration of homocysteine, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-and LDLcholesterol, triglycerides (TG), apoprotein AI (apoAI) and apoprotein B (apoB) in patients suffering from primary hypertension. The examined group comprised 42 patients suffering from primary hypertension. All examined patients underwent laboratory tests as follows: concentration of homocysteine, folic acid, TC, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TG, apoAI and apoB. All patients were orally administered with 15 mg of folic acid per day for 45 d. After this period, all laboratory tests were repeated. Homocysteine concentration was measured by the FPIA method, concentrations of apoAI and apoB were measured by the nephelometric method, and other parameters with routine methods. After administration of 15 mg of folic acid to patients with primary hypertension, a considerable decrease in the concentration of homocysteine was observed in parallel with a substantive growth of HDLcholesterol, as well as apoprotein AI concentrations and a reduction of the apoprotein B concentration. Results of statistical analysis indicated a significant correlation between the decline in homocysteine concentration and the increase in HDL-cholesterol concentration, as well as between the increase of folic acid concentration and the increase in apoAI concentration in patients following the intake of folic acid. The drop in homocysteine concentration through the supplementation with folic acid can cause quantitative changes in the lipid and lipoprotein parameters which, in consequence, may lead to the mitigation of risk concerning the development of atherosclerosis. Key Words hypertension, hyperhomocysteinaemia, cholesterol, triglycerides, apoproteins Hypertension is one of the most common symptoms of cardiovascular diseases. Ninety percent of affected patients are diagnosed with primary hypertension. The etiology of this disease includes numerous genetic, environmental and neuro-hormonal factors, which often co-exist and are linked one to another. Due to that fact, hypertension is frequently accompanied by metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia. These diseases are often also accompanied by mild chronic inflammation, disorders of the coagulation system and fibrinolysis, as well as hyperhomocysteinaemia. Some of the cardiovascular disease risk factors may be modified through a change in lifestyle and medication. The positive impact of modified standard risk factors, such as disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, as well as obesity, is relatively well documented.As far as hyperhomocysteinaemia is concerned, studies on its importance in the development of hypertension, as well as on the impact of its treatment in eliminating the risk of cardiovascular diseases, are still being carried out. High blood pressure is often accompanied by hyperhomocysteinaemia. High level of homocysteine could adversely affect the synthesis and bioacc...

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“…Folic acid (FA), a synthetic form of water-soluble B vitamin folate, is the requisite of the body for the synthesis, repair, and methylation of DNA (Mahmood 2014). FA has also been reported to have anticancer, cardiovascular, and neuroprotective effects (Moens et al 2008;Tian and Ingwall 2008;Czeizel 2009;Blencowe et al 2010;Sie et al 2011). It is found in supplements and fortified foods and also in some other food sources like green leafy vegetables, asparagus, broccoli, strawberries, liver, organ meats, and legumes (Bacalini et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folic acid supplementation at lower doses increases oxidative stress resistance and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rathor

Akhoon

Pandey

et al. 2015

AGE

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Folic acid (FA) is an essential nutrient that the human body needs but cannot be synthesized on its own. Fortified foods and plant food sources such as green leafy vegetables, beans, fruits, and juices are good sources of FA to meet the daily requirements of the body. The aim was to evaluate the effect of dietary FA levels on the longevity of well-known experimental aging model Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show for first time that FA extends organism life span and causes a delay in aging. We observed that FA inhibits mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and insulin/ insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling pathways to control both oxidative stress levels and life span. The expression levels of stress-and life span-relevant gerontogenes, viz. daf-16, skn-1, and sir. 2.1, and oxidative enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase 4 (GST-4) and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD-3), were also found to be highly enhanced to attenuate the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage and to delay the aging process. Our study promotes the use of FA to mitigate abiotic stresses and other aging-related ailments.

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Mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for folic acid in cardiovascular disease

Cited by 96 publications

References 101 publications

Lifestyle and metabolic approaches to maximizing erectile and vascular health

Lifestyle and metabolic approaches to maximizing erectile and vascular health

The Impact of Supplementation with Folic Acid on Homocysteine Concentration and Selected Lipoprotein Parameters in Patients with Primary Hypertension

Folic acid supplementation at lower doses increases oxidative stress resistance and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans

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