Mechanisms and prevention of skull formation in high temperature gas extraction system

Widder, Lukas; Adam, Karl; Egger, Martin; Varga, Markus

doi:10.1063/5.0189466

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In this study, the crucial aspects of pipe clogging and fouling processes were examined, focusing on the de po sition of individual particles onto wall surfaces and the agglomeration of multiple particles leading to the forma tion of bulk material [1][2][3]. A consequential out come of these processes is the reduction of the inner pipe diameter, which arises from the cumulative effects of deposition and agglomeration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of skull formation in high temperature gas extraction system

Widder,

Adam,

Egger

et al. 2024

PEAS

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The adverse impact of particle adhesions and agglomerations on gas flow performance is a prominent concern in high volume extraction systems. The formation of severe skull deposits, involving agglomeration and adhesion processes, particularly at elevated operation temperatures, necessitates laborintensive and costly manual removal. Consequently, investigating conditions that promote increased skull generation and exploring mechanisms for spontaneous removal through crack formation and chipping are of great significance. This study comprehensively documents the operational conditions of an industrial extraction system, accom panied by elemental gas phase composition analyses. Additionally, the chemical compositions of agglomerated adhesion samples were assessed using Xray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICPOES), and their inner structure was examined through SEM. Subsequently, mechanisms leading to these buildups were simulated on laboratory scale by covering original wall surface samples with agglomeration powder screened for a defined particle size. In experiments conducted at various high temperatures ranging from 800 °C to 1200 °C, while varying the CaCO 3 content levels in the powders, a layered structure similar to the real system was successfully acquired. Moreover, under certain defined conditions and different atmospheres, crack formation, significantly impacting the chipping behavior of the skull formations from wall surfaces during application, was observed and the compressive strength was examined. Through our laboratory experiments, specific operating conditions within the calcination cycle were revealed, leading to a substantial enhancement of autonomous discharge of large particle-wall agglomerations. Based on these findings, we propose general process optimization steps to improve the overall performance of the extraction system, such as reduction of fine CaCO 3 particles and reduction of the gas flow temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%