Mechanisms and variances of rotation-induced brain injury: a parametric investigation between head kinematics and brain strain

Bian, Kewei; Mao, Haojie

doi:10.1007/s10237-020-01341-4

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We focused on simulating rotational kinematics of the closed-head impacts in this study, as our previous data supported that rotation was responsible for more than 95% of strains developed in the brain (31). Doing so, we were able to capture the most important strainrelated kinematics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For concussive impacts, the average rotational acceleration was 5,022 rad/s 2 . Based on the rotational head kinematics observed in these two experiments, and on the rotational acceleration versus time graph of National Football League (NFL) reconstructed impacts obtained using the six degrees of freedom (6 DOF) device (29) and Head Impact Telemetry (HIT) System (30), the acceleration loading condition for human mTBI is set to be half sinusoidal curve with the peak acceleration of 5,000 rad/s 2 and duration of 10 ms and 15 ms. Based on previous simulations, a theoretical sinusoidal curve could be used to produce similar brain strains compared to the complex kinematics curves (31). Meanwhile, although head impacts induced both linear and rotational kinematics, it's found that rotational kinematics was responsible for generating over 95% of brain strain (31) and hence was the focus of this study.…”

Section: Real-world-relevant Mtbi Loading Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slightly Changed Time Duration (Type 2): Kinematic studies of head injury have shown that peak rotational velocity has a much stronger correlation with brain strain metrics such as CSDM, than either rotational acceleration or linear kinematics (31,(38)(39)(40)(41). Hence, rotational velocity was chosen as the primary factor for scaling.…”

Section: Developing Scaling Law While Considering the Effect Of Varyimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Brain-Strain-Based Scaling to Inform the Clinical Relevance of Mouse Models of Concussion Induced by Rotation

Liu

Bian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Laboratory animal experiments are an invaluable tool for studying mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)/concussion. Among them, rodent neurotrauma experiments have been most widely used, as transgenic and gene targeting technologies in mice allow us to test the roles of different genes in recovery from brain injury. Furthermore, the clinical relevance of rodent concussion studies can be improved by using these technologies to study concussions in animals that carry the human versions of genes known to play a role in neurological disease. However, delivering concussion injuries to the mice that are relevant to real-world human head impacts is challenging, as the mouse and human heads are dramatically different in shape and size. In the vast majority of mouse concussion experiments, the pathological and behavioral consequences of the injuries are evaluated without considering whether the injury model produces brain stretches (maximum principal strains) of the same magnitude as those experienced by human brains undergoing similar impacts. Methods We conducted a total of 201 computational simulations to understand both human and mouse brain strains that are directly linked to neuronal damage during closed-head concussive impacts. To represent real-world human head impacts we simulated mouse head impacts with durations of 1.5 ms (Type 1 scaling), followed by simulations with durations between 1 and 2 ms (Type 2), and finally, simulations with durations from 0.75 to 4.5 ms (Type 3) to develop scaling between human and mouse, as well as to reveal the predicted effects of small and large changes in impact durations on brain strain. Results Guided by these simulations we calculated that peak rotational velocities in mice could be achieved by scaling human peak rotational velocities with factors of 5.8, 4.6, and 6.8, for flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, respectively, to reach equal brain strains between human and mouse. The effects of impact durations on scaling were also calculated and longer-duration mouse head impacts needed larger scaling factors to reach equal strain. Conclusions The scaling method will help us to create brain injury in the mouse with brain strain loading equivalent to those experienced in real-world human head impacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Real-world-relevant Mtbi Loading Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developing Scaling Law While Considering the Effect Of Varyimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Brain-Strain-Based Scaling to Inform the Clinical Relevance of Mouse Models of Concussion Induced by Rotation

Liu

Bian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Other finite element head-model studies have measured head kinematics and the associated brain responses with similar conclusions that rotational velocity best predicted MPS 69 or strongly correlated with MPS. 70 , 71 Previous research has indicated that linear acceleration is a good indicator of intracranial pressure, but does not indicate brain deformations as well as rotational kinematics. 28 Our analysis supports this notion, indicating that rotational velocity measurements could be used to monitor potential brain strain in youth soccer players in real time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We addressed this volatility by calculating average strains over all elements in the ROI. 71 Brain tissues that have a specific orientation (such as white fiber tracts) may not be best described using MPS magnitudes. The time-consuming nature of the reconstruction process restricted the number of cases that were simulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purposeful Heading Performed by Female Youth Soccer Players Leads to Strain Development in Deep Brain Structures

Brooks

Allison

Harriss

et al. 2021

Neurotrauma Reports

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Head impacts in soccer have been associated with both short-and long-term neurological consequences. Youth players' brains are especially vulnerable given that their brains are still developing, and females are at an increased risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to males. Approximately 90% of head impacts in soccer occur from purposeful heading. Accordingly, this study assessed the relationship between kinematic variables and brain strain during purposeful headers in female youth soccer players. A convenience sample of 36 youth female soccer players (13.4 [0.9] years of age) from three elite youth soccer teams wore wireless sensors to quantify head impact magnitudes during games. Purposeful heading events were categorized by game scenario (e.g., throw-in, goal kick) for 60 regular season games (20 games per team). A total of 434 purposeful headers were identified. Finite element model simulations were performed to calculate average peak maximum principal strain (APMPS) in the corpus callosum, thalamus, and brainstem on a subset of 110 representative head impacts. Rotational velocity was strongly associated with APMPS in these three regions of the brain (r = 0.83-0.87). Linear acceleration was weakly associated with APMPS (r = 0.13-0.31). Game scenario did not predict APMPS during soccer games ( p > 0.05). Results demonstrated considerable APMPS in the corpus callosum (mean = 0.102) and thalamus (mean = 0.083). In addition, the results support the notion that rotational velocity is a better predictor of brain strain than linear acceleration and may be a potential indicator of changes to the brain.

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Cervical Spine: Lateral Whiplash, Neck Pain, and Nerve Palsy

Alderink,

Ashby

2023

Clinical Kinesiology and Biomechanics

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Mechanisms and variances of rotation-induced brain injury: a parametric investigation between head kinematics and brain strain

Cited by 43 publications

References 43 publications

Developing Brain-Strain-Based Scaling to Inform the Clinical Relevance of Mouse Models of Concussion Induced by Rotation

Developing Brain-Strain-Based Scaling to Inform the Clinical Relevance of Mouse Models of Concussion Induced by Rotation

Purposeful Heading Performed by Female Youth Soccer Players Leads to Strain Development in Deep Brain Structures

Cervical Spine: Lateral Whiplash, Neck Pain, and Nerve Palsy

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