Mechanisms Controlling Hematopoiesis

Fiedler, Katja; Brunner, Cornelia

doi:10.5772/33749

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 255 publications

(207 reference statements)

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“…Differentiating neutrophils express the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) throughout the myeloid lineage (73). During development in the bone marrow, neutrophils acquire three types of granules sequentially; azurophil (primary) granules which retain myeloperoxidase regulated by transcription factors C/EBPα and Gfi-1, specific (secondary) granules which contain lactoferrin mostly regulated by C/EBPε, and gelatinase (tertiary) granules which contain MMP9 regulated by C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ, C/EBPγ, and PU.1 (74, 75). Of note, mass cytometry has recently found new proliferative precursors of neutrophils after GMP stage which further differentiate to immature neutrophils and mature neutrophils with regulation of C/EBPε (76).…”

Section: Neutrophils: From Development To Deploymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context Drives Diversification of Monocytes and Neutrophils in Orchestrating the Tumor Microenvironment

2019

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Recent preclinical/clinical studies have underscored the significant impact of tumor microenvironment (TME) on tumor progression in diverse scenarios. Highly heterogeneous and complex, the tumor microenvironment is composed of malignant cancer cells and non-malignant cells including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and diverse immune cells. Since immune compartments play pivotal roles in regulating tumor progression via various mechanisms, understanding of their multifaceted functions is crucial to developing effective cancer therapies. While roles of lymphoid cells in tumors have been systematically studied for a long time, the complex functions of myeloid cells have been relatively underexplored. However, constant findings on tumor-associated myeloid cells are drawing attention, highlighting the primary effects of innate immune cells such as monocytes and neutrophils in disease progression. This review focuses on hitherto identified contextual developments and functions of monocytes and neutrophils with a special interest in solid tumors. Moreover, ongoing clinical applications are discussed at the end of the review.

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Section: Neutrophils: From Development To Deploymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context Drives Diversification of Monocytes and Neutrophils in Orchestrating the Tumor Microenvironment

2019

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“…Immature neutrophils can be distinguished from mature neutrophils by granular protein expression and enhanced transcriptional activity ( Fig. 2 A) [ 20 , 39 ]. To explore whether exercise promoted neutrophil maturation, granular mRNA expression was quantified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terminal granulopoiesis is characterized by sequential formation of different granule types and segmentation of the nucleus starts at the myeloblast/promyelocyte stage and ends with mature neutrophils. Granule types not only differ in the time point at which they are formed but also in their specific content [ 20 ]. To verify whether dexamethasone promotes dHL60 maturation, the granule markers expressed at each stage were confirmed via PCR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the bone marrow, Granulocyte-macrophage progenitors are converted into myeloblasts and are involved in neutrophil production, followed by a maturation process that includes promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, band cells, and finally mature neutrophil stages [ 19 ]. Neutrophil granule production begins with immature neutrophils and continues to the mature neutrophil stage: azurophilic (primary) granule, specific (secondary) granule, gelatinase (tertiary) granule and secretary granule each MPO , LTF , fMLP , CD11b [ 20 ]. Previous studies show that neutrophil function is related to granule production and that neutrophil function such as antimicrobial, phagocytosis and transmigration improves as granule production increases [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of exercise-induced Neutrophil maturation on skeletal muscle repair in vitro

Park,

Kim,

Woo

et al. 2024

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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“…The representative picture shows granules and protein molecules of neutrophil during the maturation process that include primary or azurophilic granules are contained in the stage of myeloblast and promyelocyte, secondary or specific granules are contained in the stage of myelocyte and metamyelocyte, tertiary or gelatinase granules are contained in the stage of banded and segmented form, and secretory granules are contained in a mature stage. BPI, Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein; FMLP-R, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine receptor; CR, complement receptor; CD, cluster of differentiation; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; TNF-R, tumor necrosis factor receptor [21,101]. (Modified from Fiedler and Brunner, 2012)…”

Section: Figure 16 Neutrophil Granules and Protein-containing Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of neutrophils against Pythium insidiosum

Sriwarom

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Pythium insidiosum (P. insidiosum) is an oomycetes fungus-like microorganism causing pythiosis infection in humans. The zoospores (infective stage) of this pathogen contaminate aquatic environments such as moist soil and swampy area, which is a natural habitiat. Humans are infected with P. insidiosum via cutaneous route which is the main entry of the zoospores. Recent studies have shown that patients with pythiosis shows high morbidity and mortality rates particularly those with hematologic diseases. As neutrophils are the first line of immune defense during fungal infections, this study therefore investigated the activity of neutrophils in response to P. insidiosum. The neutrophil killing activity, phagocytosis, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation were determined. Zoospores from six different strains of P. insidiosum were randomly selected and incubated with isolated healthy neutrophils (n=6). �The results showed that human neutrophils significantly decreased number of zoospores as observed in both colony counts on blood agar and live/dead cell staining (p < 0.001). Phagocytosis measured by flow cytometry showed only two strains of zoospores (pHrodo-labeled) were significantly phagocytosed by neutrophils (p < 0.01). In contrast, all six strains of heat-killed zoospores significantly induced NETs (p < 0.001) detected by immunofluorescence staining and picogreen assay. Our findings suggests that human neutrophils produce NET formation as a main mechanism rather than phagocytosis in response to P. insidiosum.

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Mechanisms Controlling Hematopoiesis

Cited by 5 publications

References 255 publications

Context Drives Diversification of Monocytes and Neutrophils in Orchestrating the Tumor Microenvironment

Context Drives Diversification of Monocytes and Neutrophils in Orchestrating the Tumor Microenvironment

Effect of exercise-induced Neutrophil maturation on skeletal muscle repair in vitro

The role of neutrophils against Pythium insidiosum

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