Mechanisms Employed by <i>Trichoderma</i> Species in the Biological Control of Plant Diseases: The History and Evolution of Current Concepts

Howell, C. R.

doi:10.1094/pdis.2003.87.1.4

Cited by 1,217 publications

(846 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The rest two bioagents were contacted the mycelial growth of the pathogen isolate without inhibition zone or over growth reactions. These results are in accordance with those obtained by Barnett and Binder (1973), Zhao et al, (1998), Howell (2003) , and Awad (2004. Dennis and Webster (1971 a and b) reported that, Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: Biological Control Antagonistic Activity Of Some Biologicalsupporting

confidence: 93%

Studies on Fusarium wilt Disease of Cucumber

Al-Tuwaijri¹

2015

J App Pharm Sci

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Eight isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum; the causal organism of Fusarium wilt of cucumber plants; were isolated from wilted cucumber plant samples collected from eight different localities in Egypt . These isolates were pathogenic to the susceptible cucumber cultivar "Biet alpha". Isolate 3 was the most virulent, followed by isolate 4 , while the least pathogenic was isolate 5. Potato Dextrose medium was the best medium for linear and amount of growth for all tested isolates, whereas rate of growth varied between the different tested isolates with the different tested media. Optimum temperature for the fungal linear growth was 27°C, followed by 28°C, while the best amount of growth was obtained at 25°C for all tested isolates. Cucumber genotypes were susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum and differed significantly in their susceptibility. The most tolerant cucumber genotype was "Zeina" as well as it recorded the highest survival plants. DNA analysis detected 33 loci with an average 4.125 loci/isolate. The highest number of polymorphic loci was 6 loci in both Fus 1&4 isolates, while the lowest was 1 loci in Fus 6 only. UPGMA cluster analysis divide into two sub clusters, one of them included Fus 6 only and the second include the rest seven isolates with different similarity values. 100 & 614 bp were detected in both highly pathogenic isolates and it could be carrying the genetic information affecting pathogenicity of Fusarium to cucumber plants. Grouping of Trichoderma isolates in UPGMA cluster analysis and variation in DNA profiles among isolates was not related to their biocontrol ability. Biocontrol agents great affected Fusarium growth in dual cultures and reduced it under laboratory conditions. Biocontrol agents minimized the disease parameters in comparing with infested control treatments by the most aggressive isolate under greenhouse condition.

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Section: Biological Control Antagonistic Activity Of Some Biologicalsupporting

confidence: 93%

Studies on Fusarium wilt Disease of Cucumber

Al-Tuwaijri¹

2015

J App Pharm Sci

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“…Although chitinase genes of plant origin were transferred to tomato (Van den Elzen et al, 1993;Jongedijk et al, 1995;Tabaeizadeh et al,1999); the resistance is effective only in a narrow range of pathogens and is quantitatively modest, leading to the need for using highly efficient chitinases to achieve significant levels of plant tolerance. Trichoderma virens is an economically important fungus used commercially as a biofungicide (Mukhopadhyay and Mukherjee, 1996;Howell, 2003) and produces different kinds of chitinases (Kim et al, 2002). The 42-kDa endochitinase produced by Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of a fungal endochitinase gene in transgenic tomato and tobacco results in enhanced tolerance to fungal pathogens

Shah

Mukherjee

Eapen

2010

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Development of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum and Lycopersicon esculentum expressing an endochitinase (ech42) gene from biocontrol fungus Trichoderma virens using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is reported in this paper. Integration of transgene in the genome of transgenic plants was demonstrated using polymerase chain reaction and Southern-blot hybridization, while expression was ascertained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Histochemical analysis confirmed the expression of GUS enzyme in transformed shoots. Levels of endochitinase enzyme in transgenic plants were found to be up to 10 fold higher compared to control plants. Endochitinase enzyme of 42 kDa was also visualized on SDS-PAGE gel using fluorimetric zymogram in transgenic plants. Endochitinase activity was found to be higher in leaf and stem than the root tissue in transgenic tomato plants. Transgenic lines of both plants showed enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens and a strong negative correlation was found between expression level of endochitinase enzyme and size of disease lesions. Inheritance of transgene, expression and resistance to fungal pathogens of T 1 transgenic tobacco lines was also analysed. The results of the present studies show that ech42 is a promising candidate gene for developing fungal disease resistance in tomato plants.

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“…Different species of Trichoderma have been reported as potential biocontrol agents to controll soil borne plant pathogens more effectively than chemicals [1][2][3] . Use of these fungi is not harmful to the environment as compared to chemical pesticides 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Trichoderma asperellum from selected fruit plantations of Sri Lanka

Wijesinghe

Wijeratnam

Samarasekara

et al. 2010

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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Three isolates of Trichoderma asperellum (TR1, TR2, and TP3) isolated from soil samples collected from rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) plantations in Sri Lanka had similar characteristics with respect to growth at different temperature, pH and media. The three isolates are reported to be antagonistic to fungal pathogens of pineapple (i.e. Thielaviopsis paradoxa) and rambutan (i.e. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). Analysis of genome DNA of the isolates showed that the isolated fungi were T. asperellum. This is the first report of the occurrence of T. asperellum in Sri Lanka.

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Mechanisms Employed by Trichoderma Species in the Biological Control of Plant Diseases: The History and Evolution of Current Concepts

Cited by 1,217 publications

References 31 publications

Studies on Fusarium wilt Disease of Cucumber

Studies on Fusarium wilt Disease of Cucumber

Expression of a fungal endochitinase gene in transgenic tomato and tobacco results in enhanced tolerance to fungal pathogens

Identification of Trichoderma asperellum from selected fruit plantations of Sri Lanka

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