Mechanisms for Cachexia in Heart Failure

Pureza, Vincent; Florea, Viorel G.

doi:10.1007/s11897-013-0153-9

Cited by 41 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…61 Many factors are implicated in the mechanisms underlying cardiac cachexia, including sympathetic tone and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. 62 However, evidence from prospective studies indicates that the decrease in fat mass precedes that of lean mass. [63][64][65] Moreover, individuals with cardiac cachexia have exceedingly high circulating levels of BNP, including a significant fraction of incompletely processed N-terminal pro-BNP.…”

Section: Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, from a practical standpoint, fragile cachectic patients with decompensated congestive heart failure might not be able to lie flat for long enough to participate in 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging studies, which are currently the best approach for measur ing the activation of BAT (by identifying foci of significantly increased tracer uptake in areas where BAT is present). In addition, patients with cardiac cachexia often exhibit heightened sympathetic tone, 62 which would increase 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, confounding the interpretation of PET imaging results. Obtaining indirect calorimetry measurements (to detect changes in the basal metabolic rate under isocaloric conditions) in a sufficient number of such patients might be feasible.…”

Section: Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A heart–adipose tissue connection in the regulation of energy metabolism

2013

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| Almost 20 years ago, the protein encoded by the ob locus in mice was identified as an adipocytesecreted hormone, now termed leptin, which functions as a peripheral signal to communicate the organism's energy reserve-and thereby protects against starvation due to insufficient caloric resources. Additional peripheral factors have since been identified that coordinate interorgan crosstalk to manage energy resources. The heart is included in this network through its regulated release of natriuretic peptides A and B-cardiac hormones originally identified as important in blood pressure control. Emerging evidence that natriuretic peptide receptors are expressed in adipose tissue, and that circulating levels of these peptides are decreased in animals and humans with obesity, could imply that natriuretic peptides are also involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. The natriuretic peptides stimulate triglyceride lipolysis in adipocytes, a process also regulated by the sympathetic nervous system. In addition, these two pathways promote uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration and thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. This Review focuses on the roles of the natriuretic peptides and the sympathetic nervous system in regulating adipocyte metabolism. The potential for manipulating the natriuretic peptide pathway to increase energy expenditure in obesity and manage the complications of cardiometabolic disease is also discussed.

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Section: Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A heart–adipose tissue connection in the regulation of energy metabolism

2013

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“…Estos hallazgos son similares a los reportados por otros autores en la literatura, los cuales han asociado fragilidad con insuficiencia cardiaca 9,[14][15][16] . Pese a la escasez de estudios que evalúan la relación entre ambas entidades, se ha evidenciado que la disminución de la movilidad, la polifarmacia, la presencia de comorbilidades y el desequilibrio nutricional que existe en pacientes con IC favorece el desarrollo de fragilidad 17,18 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Factores asociados a fragilidad en pacientes hospitalizados con insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada

et al. 2017

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“…CHF is a common problem and afflicts over 10% of older persons (1-8). The prevalence of CHF rises nearly exponentially with age, and from about age 55 years onward it doubles approximately every 10 years in men and every 7 years in women (1-3).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approaches to Treating Cardiac Cachexia in the Older Patient

Azhar

Wei

2013

Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep

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Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, accounting for more hospitalizations than any other condition. Advanced stages of congestive heart failure can be associated with serious complications such as cardiac cachexia (defined here as unintentional weight loss of more than 6% in 6 months). Cardiac cachexia and the associated progressive weight loss are sometimes overlooked by older patients, their families and care providers. A delay in the diagnosis can result in further loss of vital organ tissue, progressive weakness, fall-related injuries and even long-term care institutionalization and/or death. During the past several years, researchers have begun to broaden their understanding of this common, morbid and often fatal condition, and these findings will help to characterize the features that assist in its diagnosis, minimize its exacerbation, delay the progressive decline, and educate clinicians about the potential management options.

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Mechanisms for Cachexia in Heart Failure

Cited by 41 publications

References 91 publications

A heart–adipose tissue connection in the regulation of energy metabolism

A heart–adipose tissue connection in the regulation of energy metabolism

Factores asociados a fragilidad en pacientes hospitalizados con insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada

New Approaches to Treating Cardiac Cachexia in the Older Patient

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