1992
DOI: 10.1021/ie00008a010
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Mechanisms for lowering of interfacial tension in alkali/acidic oil systems: effect of added surfactant

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Cited by 97 publications
(65 citation statements)
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“…However, it is worth pointing out that the interfacial tension arising from the crude oil/caustic interactions is greatly affected by the nature of the crude oil, the effective caustic concentration at the interface, the type of caustic agent, the presence of electrolytes, the temperature, and so forth (12,13). The effectiveness of a synergetic effect between natural surfactants and synthetic surfactants on the efficiency of the enhanced oil recovery processes has also been studied (14).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, it is worth pointing out that the interfacial tension arising from the crude oil/caustic interactions is greatly affected by the nature of the crude oil, the effective caustic concentration at the interface, the type of caustic agent, the presence of electrolytes, the temperature, and so forth (12,13). The effectiveness of a synergetic effect between natural surfactants and synthetic surfactants on the efficiency of the enhanced oil recovery processes has also been studied (14).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Surfactant often used together with alkali, or alkali and polymer in oil recovery (Deborah and Philip 1990;Ball and Surkalo 1990;Kang et al 2000;Samanta et al 2010). The reason is that the reaction between the alkali and naphthenic acids in the crude oil could generate soap; the soap and the added surfactants usually showed synergistic effects in reducing the interfacial tension (Rudin and Wasan 1992). On the other hand, the addition of the alkali could reduce the adsorption of the surfactant, sequester divalent ions, and alter wettability (Hirasak et al 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This increases the surface pressure and decreases both the interfacial energy and the IFT. Rudin & Wasan (1992) concluded that the dominant mechanism of the synergistic effect is the formation of mixed micelles of the surfactants and the generated in situ surfactant. The mixed micelles cause the IFT to drop significantly (Nelson et al, 1984).…”
Section: Surfactant In Enhanced Oil Recoverymentioning
confidence: 99%