Mechanisms for the serum lipid-lowering effect of n-3 fatty acids

Hagve, Tor‐Arne; Christophersen, Bjørn O.

doi:10.3109/00365518809088765

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ikeda et al [35] suggested that in rats, fish oil depresses TAG secretion from the liver. Hagve and Christophersen [36] reported that n-3 fatty acids were more readily converted to ketone bodies than n-6 fatty acids in cultured hepatocyte. Moreover, fish oil supplementation increased blood concentrations of ketone bodies in human subjects [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Dissimilar High Fat Diets Differentially Regulate Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity‐Resistant Slc:Wistar/ST Rats

Hashimoto

Yamada

Tsushima

et al. 2013

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidemiologic and ecologic studies suggest that dietary fat plays an important role in the development of obesity. Certain Wistar rat strains do not become obese when fed high-fat diets unlike others. In a preliminary study, we confirmed that Slc:Wistar/ST rats did not become obese when fed high-fat diets. The mechanisms governing the response of hepatic lipid-metabolizing enzymes to large quantities of dietary lipids consumed by obesity-resistant animals are unknown. The aim of the present study is to examine how obesity-resistant animals metabolize various types of high-fat diets and why they do not become obese. For this purpose, male Slc:Wistar/ST rats were fed a control low-fat diet (LS) or a high-fat diet containing fish oil (HF), soybean oil (HS), or lard (HL) for 4 weeks. We observed their phenotypes and determined lipid profiles in plasma and liver as well as mRNA expression levels in liver of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism using DNA microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain analyses. The body weights of all dietary groups were similar due to isocaloric intakes, whereas the weight of white adipose tissues in the LS group was significantly lower. The HF diet lowered plasma lipid levels by accelerated lipolysis in the peroxisomes and suppressed levels of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion. The HS diet promoted hepatic lipid accumulation by suppressed lipolysis in the peroxisomes and normal levels of VLDL secretion. The lipid profiles of rats fed the LS or HL diet were similar. The HL diet accelerated lipid and glucose metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Dissimilar High Fat Diets Differentially Regulate Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity‐Resistant Slc:Wistar/ST Rats

Hashimoto

Yamada

Tsushima

et al. 2013

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The lipostatic effect of n-3 fatty acids has been explained by impaired hepatic triglyceride and subsequently VLDL synthesis (19,35). Thus, n-3 fatty acids are known to suppress both hepatic triacyiglycerol synthesis and VLDL secretion (19). In cultured rat hepatocytes, EA inhibits microsomal acyl-coenzyme A: 1.2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, any lipostatic compound which blocks hepatic very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-production as n-3 fatty acids do (19,35), might also interfere with substrate cycling by shifting more non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) to 3-oxidation and thus impairing glucose tolerance (4,33). However, only one study has so far directly compared the metabolic effects of n-3 fatty acids with those of a conventional lipostatic therapy in non-diabetic hyperlipidemic cardiac transplant recipients (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Oil Supplementation Versus Gemfibrozil Treatment in Hyperlipidemic NIDDM

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To compare the impact of dietary fish oil supplementation (FO, 22 ml daily, containing 4.6 g of n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids, equalling 14.4 mmol) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism with that of conventional lipostatic therapy (Gemfibrozil (G), 900 mg daily, equalling 3.6 mmol) on hyperlipidemic non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 10 patients were selected for a randomized, short-time, cross-over study. Each patient was treated for a duration of 2 weeks, with an individual washout period of 8 weeks. Metabolic variables and intravenous glucose tolerances (1.2 mmol/kg body weight, t = 30 min) were determined on days 1 and 15 of each treatment period. Plasma lipid concentrations were identical at baseline, but were reduced more markedly following G as against FO exposure (% change vs. baseline: total cholesterol (chol), - 13**/-6* (G vs FO: p = 0.05); total triglycerides (TG), -39**/-18** (p < 0.05); APO B, -17**/- 10* (N.S.); LDL-chol, -15**/0 (p < 0.02); VLDL-chol, -50***/- 34*** (N.S.); VLDL-TG, -44***/-27** (N.S.); (p vs. baseline: * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001). Total-HDL, HDL2, HDL3 and APO A were not influenced by either FO or G. Neither FO nor G induced a change in intravenous glucose tolerances or associated basal and incremental concentrations of insulin and C-peptide. We concluded, based on short-time applications, that (a) neither treatment affected the carbohydrate metabolism in patients with NIDDM, and (b) a greater hypolipidemic efficacy had to be assigned to Gemfibrozil than to fish oil. It would therefore appear that Gemfibrozil acts as a useful lipostatic pharmacologic compound, whilst fish oil could serve as a potential ingredient of a prudent cardio-protective diet which favours the low plasma triglyceride concentrations found in NIDDM patients.

show abstract

Effect of dietary fish oil on the rate of very low density lipoprotein triacylglycerol formation and on the metabolism of chylomicrons

Lottenberg

Oliveira

Nakandakare

et al. 1992

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanism by which omega 3 fatty acids lower plasma triacylglycerol levels was investigated. Rats were fed fish oil, olive oil (10% fat by weight) or a nonpurified diet (4% fat by weight) for 15 days. Lipoprotein lipase was inhibited by intra-arterial administration of Triton WR 1339 to estimate hepatic triacylglycerol output. Rats fed the olive oil diet showed a higher rate of triacylglycerol formation than rats fed the omega 3 fatty acid diet or the low-fat diet. All three groups showed identical rates of removal from plasma of intraarterially administered artificial chylomicrons that had simultaneously been labeled with cholesteryl [1-14C]oleate and [9,10(n)-3H]triolein. Liver radioactivity and total fat content were lowest in rats fed the fish oil diet, indicating that omega 3 fatty acids were preferentially metabolized in liver. Chylomicrons obtained from donor rats fed either fish oil containing [14C]cholesterol or olive oil containing [3H]cholesterol were removed at similar rates when infused together intraarterially into recipient animals. A slower formation of plasma very low density lipoprotein triacylglycerols in rats fed fish oil is probably due to a faster rate of oxidation of the fatty acid chains in the liver resulting in decreased plasma triacylglycerol concentrations.

show abstract

Mechanisms for the serum lipid-lowering effect of n-3 fatty acids

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Three Dissimilar High Fat Diets Differentially Regulate Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity‐Resistant Slc:Wistar/ST Rats

Three Dissimilar High Fat Diets Differentially Regulate Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity‐Resistant Slc:Wistar/ST Rats

Fish Oil Supplementation Versus Gemfibrozil Treatment in Hyperlipidemic NIDDM

Effect of dietary fish oil on the rate of very low density lipoprotein triacylglycerol formation and on the metabolism of chylomicrons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About