Mechanisms of Action And Clinical Implications of MicroRNAs in the Drug Resistance of Gastric Cancer

Liu, Ying; Ao, Xiang; Ji, Guoqiang; Yuan, Zhangfu; Yu, Wanpeng; Wang, Jianxun

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.768918

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…Pre-miRNAs are translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and then processed into double-stranded miRNAs by the Dicer/TRBP/PACT complex. Finally, the double-stranded miRNAs are processed into mature miRNAs by a series of regulators, including helicase and the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) ( 27 ). Different from miRNAs, lncRNAs contain 5’ caps and 3’ poly(A) tails.…”

Section: Overview Of Ncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

Zhou

Jia

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant diseases worldwide, posing a serious, long-term threat to patients’ health and life. Systemic chemotherapy remains the first-line therapeutic approach for recurrent or metastatic cancer patients after surgery, with the potential to effectively extend patient survival. However, the development of drug resistance seriously limits the clinical efficiency of chemotherapy and ultimately results in treatment failure and patient death. A large number of studies have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are widely involved in the regulation of cancer drug resistance. Their dysregulation contributes to the development of cancer drug resistance by modulating the expression of specific target genes involved in cellular apoptosis, autophagy, drug efflux, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, some ncRNAs also possess great potential as efficient, specific biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapeutic targets in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the emerging role and underlying mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in cancer drug resistance and focus on their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. This information will be of great benefit to early diagnosis and prognostic assessments of cancer as well as the development of ncRNA-based therapeutic strategies for cancer patients.

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Section: Overview Of Ncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

Zhou

Jia

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Accumulating evidence has indicated the aberrant expression of numerous miRNAs in various cancers, implying that they may take part in cancer onset and development [ 52 ]. For instance, the expression level of miR-19a was remarkably higher in osteosarcoma tissues than that in noncancerous bone tissues [ 53 ].…”

Section: Roles Of Main Noncoding Rnas In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Targeting of Noncoding RNAs by Quercetin in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The dietary flavonoid quercetin is ubiquitously distributed in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. Quercetin has been a focal point in recent years due to its versatile health-promoting benefits and high pharmacological values. It has well documented that quercetin exerts anticancer actions by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and retarding the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the exact mechanism of quercetin-mediated cancer chemoprevention is still not fully understood. With the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, the intricate oncogenic signaling networks have been gradually characterized. Increasing evidence on the close association between noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) and cancer etiopathogenesis emphasizes the potential of ncRNAs as promising molecular targets for cancer treatment. Available experimental studies indicate that quercetin can dominate multiple cancer-associated ncRNAs, hence repressing carcinogenesis and cancer development. Thus, modulation of ncRNAs serves as a key mechanism responsible for the anticancer effects of quercetin. In this review, we focus on the chemopreventive effects of quercetin on cancer pathogenesis by targeting cancer-relevant ncRNAs, supporting the viewpoint that quercetin holds promise as a drug candidate for cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. An in-depth comprehension of the interplay between quercetin and ncRNAs in the inhibition of cancer development and progression will raise the possibility of developing this bioactive compound as an anticancer agent that could be highly efficacious and safe in clinical practice.

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“…The underlying mechanisms of GC drug resistance are very complicated and still not fully understood. Therefore, in-depth research is of great importance for GC patients in the development of individual diagnosis and therapeutic strategy (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-Coding RNA in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Drug Resistance

Liu

Yü

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with high recurrence and mortality rate. Chemotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADR), vincristine (VCR), paclitaxel (PTX), and platinum drugs, remains one of the fundamental methods of GC treatment and has efficiently improved patients’ prognosis. However, most patients eventually develop resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, leading to the failure of clinical treatment and patients’ death. Recent studies suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the drug resistance of GC by modulating the expression of drug resistance-related genes via sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). Moreover, lncRNAs also play crucial roles in GC drug resistance via a variety of mechanisms, such as the regulation of the oncogenic signaling pathways, inhibition of apoptosis, induction of autophagy, modulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and promotion of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Some of lncRNAs exhibit great potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for GC patients. Therefore, understanding the role of lncRNAs and their mechanisms in GC drug resistance may provide us with novel insights for developing strategies for individual diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the mechanisms underlying GC drug resistance regulated by lncRNAs. We also discuss the potential clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in GC.

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Mechanisms of Action And Clinical Implications of MicroRNAs in the Drug Resistance of Gastric Cancer

Cited by 28 publications

References 210 publications

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

The Targeting of Noncoding RNAs by Quercetin in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Long Non-Coding RNA in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Drug Resistance

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