Mechanisms of Aqueous Humor Formation

Wai, Chi; Kong, Chi-Wing; Chan, Chu-yan; Civan, Mortimer M.; To, Chi‐Ho

doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-375-2_4

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…47 Second, increased blood pressure could lead to a higher perfusion pressure in the ciliary arteries, potentially increasing the rate of aqueous humor secretion and, thus, IOP. 48 Although ultrafiltration was shown not to be the major mechanism of aqueous humor secretion, 49,50 the ciliary blood flow was found to exhibit a linear relationship with aqueous humor inflow when the blood flow rate was below a critical level of perfusion. 51 Above that level, aqueous humor inflow remained relatively constant and was independent of ciliary blood flow.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Positive Correlation Bet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic links between systemic hypertension and open angle glaucoma

Cui

Pan

Lam

et al. 2021

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Systemic hypertension or hypertension is a very common chronic age-related disease worldwide. It is typically characterized by a sustained elevation of blood pressure, particularly when the systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure are of more than 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively. If hypertension is not well controlled, it may lead to an increased risk of stroke and heart attack. It has been shown that hypertension is linked with various ocular diseases, including cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary open angle glaucoma is the most common form of the disease and is usually characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). This condition, together with normal tension glaucoma, constitutes open angle glaucoma. Systemic hypertension has been identified as a risk factor for open angle glaucoma. It is speculated that blood pressure is involved in the pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma by altering IOP or ocular blood flow, or both. Recent evidence has shown that both extremely high and low blood pressure are associated with increased risk of open angle glaucoma. Additional pathogenic mechanisms, including increased inflammation likely to be involved in the development and progression of these two diseases, are discussed.

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