Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Self-Compassion and Mindfulness as Mediators of Intervention Outcomes

Keng, Shian‐Ling; Smoski, Moria J.; Robins, Clive J.; Ekblad, Andrew; Brantley, Jeffrey

doi:10.1891/0889-8391.26.3.270

Cited by 151 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…MBSR interventions were found to increase self-compassion [42; 43]. Both self-compassion and mindfulness were described as mediators of intervention effects of MBSR [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of humor styles in US and Russia

Khramtsova

Chuykova

2016

Social Psychology and Society

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Mindfulness and self-compassion are increasingly coming into mainstream psychological research in the Western world as they correlate with and predict various aspects of mental health and positivity. However, little is known about their relationship to another construct that is also associated with well-being, that is, humor. The unique contribution of the present study is in exploring whether mindfulness and self-compas- sion would predict the use of adaptive and maladaptive humor styles and whether this prediction will be the same across cultures. 90 U.S. and 106 Russian college students responded to a survey consisting of three measures: Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003), Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF; Raes, Pommier, Neff, & Van Gucht, 2011), and Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ; Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray, & Weir, 2003). Our findings suggest that mind- fulness and self-compassion can serve as predictors of humor styles, that is, more mind- ful and self-compassionate participants tended to use more adaptive humor styles and less maladaptive styles. However, the contribution of these two variables to the vari- ance in humor styles depended on the culture.

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“…MBSR interventions were found to increase self-compassion [42; 43]. Both self-compassion and mindfulness were described as mediators of intervention effects of MBSR [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of humor styles in US and Russia

Khramtsova

Chuykova

2016

Social Psychology and Society

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“…Practising new ways of relating to conscious experience is fundamental in mindfulness training and can include attitudinal change (e.g. curiosity, kindness and acceptance; Keng et al 2012), as well as cognitive re-orientation (e.g. distancing, de-centering and re-perceiving; Shapiro et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Is Stress Reduced by a Workplace Mindfulness Intervention? A Qualitative Study Conceptualising Experiences of Change

et al. 2017

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Mindfulness-based interventions are effective as curative and preventative approaches to psychological health. However, the mechanisms by which outcomes are secured from such interventions when delivered in the workplace, and to a stressed workforce, are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to elicit and analyse accounts from past participants of a workplace mindfulness intervention in order to generate a preliminary model of how positive benefits appear to be secured. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were completed with 21 employees of a higher education institution who had completed an eight-week intervention based on Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, adapted for the workplace. Interviews invited participants to recount their experiences of the intervention and its impact, if any, on their work life. Aspects of the interview data that pertained to intervention experience and positive benefits were analysed using a version of grounded theory, leading to the generation of a provisional model of how positive change occurred. The model suggests that discrete, temporal experiences build on each other to generate multiple, positive benefits. As anticipated in mindfulness-based interventions, enhanced attentional capacity was important, but our provisional model also suggests that resonance, self-care, detection of stress markers, perceiving choice, recovering self-agency and upward spiralling may be central mechanisms that lead to positive outcomes. Understanding mechanisms of change may help support participant engagement and trust in work-based mindfulness programmes, and enhance participants' ability to apply mindfulness in their work life.

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“…Teachers' embodiment of these qualities, as well as frequent reminders in the meditation instructions to be nonjudgmental, open, and curious, is believed to help participants learn to treat themselves with more warmth and friendliness. Several studies have shown increases in selfcompassion following MBSR and MBCT (Keng et al 2012;Kuyken et al 2010). A few have shown increased empathy for others following MBSR (Birnie et al 2010;Shapiro et al 1998).…”

Section: Implicit Ethics In Mbismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethics, Values, Virtues, and Character Strengths in Mindfulness-Based Interventions: a Psychological Science Perspective

Baer

2015

Mindfulness

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This paper comments on an article by Monteiro, Musten, and Compson (Mindfulness 6: 1-13, 2015) and a series of replies that explored the issue of ethics training for participants in contemporary mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). The perceived need for explicit ethical training stems from concerns about potentially harmful or misguided applications of secular MBIs, particularly in settings whose activities may be inconsistent with the ethics of the Buddhist traditions from which mindfulness training originates. Much of the discussion in the target article and replies focused on whether ethical foundations of mindfulness in MBIs should remain implicit or should be taught from a Buddhist perspective. The present commentary argues that psychological science provides well developed alternatives for researchers and clinicians interested in secular approaches to ethics-related issues in MBIs. The experimental psychology literature provides a strong foundation for working with personally meaningful, prosocial values in MBIs. Positive psychology provides a complementary perspective on moral virtues and character strengths that have been widely recognized across cultures. Organizational psychology and related disciplines provide empirically based perspectives on the ethical implications of mindfulness training in the workplace. An approach to ethical issues in MBIs that is firmly grounded in psychological science and suitable for secular settings is recommended.

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Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Self-Compassion and Mindfulness as Mediators of Intervention Outcomes

Cited by 151 publications

References 42 publications

Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of humor styles in US and Russia

Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of humor styles in US and Russia

How Is Stress Reduced by a Workplace Mindfulness Intervention? A Qualitative Study Conceptualising Experiences of Change

Ethics, Values, Virtues, and Character Strengths in Mindfulness-Based Interventions: a Psychological Science Perspective

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