Mechanisms of Defense Waste Glass Dissolution

Barkatt, Aaron; Gibson, Barbara C.; Macedo, P. B.; Montrose, C. J.; Sousanpour, William; Barkatt, A.; Boroomand, Morad-Ali; Rogers, V.; Penafiel, M.

doi:10.13182/nt86-a33780

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Na/Si ratios changed considerably differently from each other at the beginning of the reaction: The Na/Si ratios of the solutions at 225~ experiments increased rapidly but those of the 150~ experiments decreased. This observation is probably due to increases in pH values with temperature, which stimulate the leaching rate of Si in high temperature experiments (Barkatt et al, 1986). However, the rates of change tended to decrease during the reaction and kept apparently higher values than those of the original obsidian.…”

Section: Chemistry Of Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Formation of Clay Minerals During Low Temperature Experimental Alteration of Obsidian

Kawano

Tomita

Kamino

1993

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Experimental alteration of obsidian in distilled-deionized water at 150 ~ 175 ~ 200 ~ and 225~ was studied. The alteration products were examined by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) to evaluate the formation process of clay minerals. The surface composition of obsidian before and after alteration was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and concentrations of released elements in solution were measured to elucidate alteration and dissolution processes. TEM clearly showed that allophane appeared as the first reaction product in each experiment. With increasing reaction length, noncrystalline straight fibrous material was formed in the aggregates ofallophane particles as a metastable transitional phase, and tended to form curled or wavy bundles of fibers with longer reaction. The noncrystalline fibers were transformed into highly curled smectite exhibiting small circular forms less than 1.0 ~m in diameter as reaction progressed. EDX confirmed that the smectite consisted mainly of Si, A1, and small amounts of Ca, K, and Fe. XPS revealed the formation of a dealkalized leached layer on the surface of obsidian during the reaction. The concentration of released elements suggested that nonstoichiometric dissolution proceeded during the reaction.

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Section: Chemistry Of Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Formation of Clay Minerals During Low Temperature Experimental Alteration of Obsidian

Kawano

Tomita

Kamino

1993

Clays and clay miner.

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“…Table 7 lists the DG T,hyd and the measured forward rate of dissolution for the LW-1 and LW-2 glass specimens tested in this study measured at T = 40°C and pH 9. In addition to these data, Table 7 includes data for a wide variety of synthetic and natural glass samples taken from the literature (Barkatt et al, 1986;Gíslason and Eugster, 1987;Perera and Doremus, 1991;Bourcier et al, 1992;Mazer and Walther, 1994;Bakel et al, 1996;Cooper and Cox, 1996;Daux et al, 1997;Seidel et al, 1997;Bourcier, 1998;Icenhower and Dove, 2000;Hamilton et al, 2001;Oelkers and Gíslason, 2001;Vernaz et al, 2001;Yokoyama and Banfield, 2002). These include amorphous silica (AMS), albite (Ab), jadeite (Jd), nepheline (Ne), reedmergnerite (Rd) soda-lime glasses (S-L), sodium aluminosilicate (NAS), pyrex (Pyrex), and other borosilicate (BS) and boroaluminosilicate (BAS) glass.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Free Energy Of Hydration (Feh) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally determined dissolution kinetics of Na-rich borosilicate glass at far from equilibrium conditions: Implications for Transition State Theory

Icenhower

McGrail

Shaw

et al. 2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…A large amount of information on the glass-water reaction collected over the past 25 years has been summarized in the ''glass compendium" (Cunnane et al 1994a(Cunnane et al , 1994b and numerous reviews (Barkatt et al 1986, Hench et al 1986, Bunker et al 1988, Casey and Bunker 1990, Werme et al 1990, Bourcier 1991, Vernaz and Dussossoy 1992, Bourcier 1994, Strachan and Croak 2000, Vernaz et al 2001, Icenhower et al 2004, Van Iseghem et al 2007). Based on these reviews, the glass dissolution reaction can be divided into five regimes or stages (Figure 2.1) that occur as the reaction proceeds (e.g., Stage I, II, III, IV, and V).…”

Section: Stages Of Glass Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Disposal Facility FY 2012 Glass Testing Summary Report

Pierce

Kerisit

Krogstad

et al. 2013

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Executive SummaryPacific Northwest National Laboratory was contracted by Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC to provide the technical basis for estimating radionuclide release from the engineered portion of the disposal facility (e.g., source term). Vitrifying the low-activity waste at Hanford is expected to generate over 1.6 × 10 5 m 3 of glass (Puigh 1999). The volume of immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) at Hanford is the largest in the DOE complex and is one of the largest inventories (approximately 0.89 × 10 18 Bq total activity) of long-lived radionuclides, principally 99 Tc (t 1/2 = 2.1 × 10 5 ), planned for disposal in a low-level waste (LLW) facility. Before the ILAW can be disposed, DOE must conduct a performance assessement (PA) for the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) that describes the long-term impacts of the disposal facility on public health and environmental resources. As part of the ILAW glass testing program PNNL is implementing a strategy, consisting of experimentation and modeling, in order to provide the technical basis for estimating radionuclide release from the glass waste form in support of future IDF PAs. The purpose of this report is to summarize the progress made in fiscal year (FY) 2010 toward implementing the strategy with the goal of developing an understanding of the long-term corrosion behavior of low-activity waste glasses.The emphasis in FY2010 was the completing an evaluation of the most sensitive kinetic rate law parameters used to predict glass weathering, documented in Bacon and Pierce (2010), and transitioning from the use of the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multi-phases to Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases computer code for near-field calculations. The FY2010 activities also consisted of developing a Monte Carlo and Geochemical Modeling framework that links glass composition to alteration phase formation by 1) determining the structure of unreacted and reacted glasses for use as input information into Monte Carlo calculations, 2) compiling the solution data and alteration phases identified from accelerated weathering tests conducted with ILAW glass by PNNL and Viteous State Laboratory/Catholic University of America as well as other literature sources for use in geochemical modeling calculations, and 3) conducting several initial calculations on glasses that contain the four major components of ILAW

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Mechanisms of Defense Waste Glass Dissolution

Cited by 42 publications

References 23 publications

Formation of Clay Minerals During Low Temperature Experimental Alteration of Obsidian

Formation of Clay Minerals During Low Temperature Experimental Alteration of Obsidian

Experimentally determined dissolution kinetics of Na-rich borosilicate glass at far from equilibrium conditions: Implications for Transition State Theory

Integrated Disposal Facility FY 2012 Glass Testing Summary Report

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