Mechanisms of (−)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐Gallate for Antiobesity

Moon, Hee Sun; Akbar, Mohammed; Yun, Cheol Heui; Cho, Chong Su

doi:10.1002/9780813819679.ch11

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In turn, PPARγ induces its downstream target genes to stimulate lipid synthesis and promote adipocyte differentiation. 7,23 Various natural products with antiobesity effects such as resveratrol, 24 epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), 25 and curcumin 26 were reported to inhibit adipogenesis by blocking these factors. Figure 3 shows methyl cinnamate down-regulated the expression of SREBP1, PPARγ, and C/EBPα.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Cinnamate Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Activation of the CaMKK2–AMPK Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Chen¹,

Lee

Hsu

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Methyl cinnamate, an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum , is a widely used natural flavor compound with antimicrobial and tyrosinase inhibitor activities. However, the underlying bioactivity and molecular mechanisms of methyl cinnamate on adipocyte function and metabolism remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of methyl cinnamate on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methyl cinnamate markedly suppressed triglyceride accumulation associated with down-regulation of adipogenic transcription factor expression, including sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα). Additionally, methyl cinnamate-inhibited PPARγ activity and adipocyte differentiation were partially reversed by the PPARγ agonist troglitazone. Furthermore, methyl cinnamate stimulated Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) and phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression during adipogenesis. This study first revealed methyl cinnamate has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the CaMKK2-AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Cinnamate Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Activation of the CaMKK2–AMPK Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Chen¹,

Lee

Hsu

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…EGCG is thought to be the most pharmacologically active compound among the catechins in green tea and green tea extract. 13 GTE also contains caffeine.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Green Tea Extract Intake on Exogenous and Endogenous Metabolites in Human Plasma

Hodgson

Randell

Mahabir-Jagessar-T

et al. 2014

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The acute effects of green tea extract (GTE) on plasma metabolites in vivo are largely unknown. In this parallel, double-blind study, the transient changes in total and free concentrations of catechins were measured in plasma from healthy males following the consumption of a single GTE dose (559.2 mg total catechins, 120.4 mg caffeine). Furthermore, the acute effects on endogenous metabolites were assessed 2 h after GTE intake using four-phase metabolite profiling. The ratios of the catechin concentrations in plasma to those in the GTE followed the order ECG/CG > EC > GCG > EGCG > EGC > C > GC. The gallated catechins EGCG, CG/ECG, GC, and GCG were also present in their free form. Sixteen out of 163 mostly endogenous metabolites were affected by acute GTE ingestion, when compared to placebo. These included caffeine, salicylate, hippurate, taurine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylene-glycol, serotonin, some cholesterylesters, fatty acids, triglycerides, and sphingosines. Our results on the exogenous metabolites largely confirm previous studies, while our findings on the endogenous metabolites are novel and may suggest specific biological targets.

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“…Many biological activities have been reported for GA esters, including antioxidation, 10 anti-inflammatory, 11 anticarcinogenic effects, 12,13 and antiobesity. 14,15 Both neuron-protective 10 and liver-protective effects 16 of GA esters were observed in cellular systems. Intake of GA esters might also be associated with the reduced risks of diabetes 17 and cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallic Acid Intake Induces Alterations to Systems Metabolism in Rats

et al. 2012

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Gallic acid (GA) and its metabolites are polyphenolic compounds present in daily diets and herbal medicines. To understand the GA effects on the endogenous metabolism of mammals, we systematically analyzed the metabonomic responses of rat plasma, liver, urine, and feces to a single GA dosage of 120 and 600 mg/kg, which were below the no-obvious-adverse-effect-level of 1 g/kg for rats. Clinical chemistry and histopathological assessments were conducted to provide complementary information. Our results showed that GA intake induced significant metabonomic changes in multiple rat biological matrices. Such changes were more outstanding in liver than in the other matrices and clearly showed dose- and time-dependence. The results suggested GA-induced promotion of oxidative stress as the major effect. High-dose GA caused significant metabolic changes involving glycogenolysis, glycolysis, TCA cycle, and metabolism of amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines, together with gut microbiota functions. Low-dose GA only caused some urinary metabonomic changes and to a much less degree. The GA-induced liver metabonomic changes were not completely recoverable within a week, although such recovery completed in plasma, urine, and feces within 80 h. These findings provided new essential information on the effects of dietary polyphenols and demonstrated the great potential of this nutrimetabonomics approach.

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Mechanisms of (−)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐Gallate for Antiobesity

Cited by 6 publications

References 75 publications

Methyl Cinnamate Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Activation of the CaMKK2–AMPK Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Methyl Cinnamate Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Activation of the CaMKK2–AMPK Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Acute Effects of Green Tea Extract Intake on Exogenous and Endogenous Metabolites in Human Plasma

Gallic Acid Intake Induces Alterations to Systems Metabolism in Rats

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