Mechanisms of induced resistance in lettuce against Bremia lactucae by DL-β-amino-butyric acid (BABA)

Abstract

BABA induced local and systemic resistance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) against the Oomycete Bremia lactucae. Structure-activity analysis showed no induced resistance by related amino-butanoic acids or β-alanine. The R-enantiomer of BABA induced resistance whereas the S-enantiomer did not, suggesting binding to a specific receptor. Other compounds known to be involved in SAR signaling, including abscisic acid, methyl-jasmonate, ethylene, sodium-salicylate and Bion® (BTH) did not induce resistance.

Diverse responses of wild and cultivated tomato to BABA, oligandrin andOidium neolycopersiciinfection

“…3). In this respect, the behaviour of S. habrochaites plants is in accordance with the study of Cohen et al (2010) that was conducted on lettuce, with formation of HR-like lesions as the result of plant-specific responses to BABA.…”

Functional Analogues of Salicylic Acid and Their Use in Crop Protection

“…BABA has been shown to protect Arabidopsis against H. parasitica and Botrytis cinerea [46]. In lettuce, application of BABA prior to inoculation with the fungal pathogen Bremia lactucae prevented pathogen development without the involvement of SA [47]. BABA also provided significant control of the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans on tomato [48].…”

“…Arabidopsis/hyaloperonospora parasitica, Botrytis cinerea (Laboratory) [46] Brassica napus/Leptosphaeria maculans (Laboratory) [49] Lettuce/Bremia lactucae (Laboratory) [47] Tomato/Phytophthora infestans (Laboratory) [48] Potato/Phytophthora infestans (Laboratory/Field) [51,52] Grapevine/Plasmopara viticola [50] …”

Effect of &#946;-Amino Butyric Acid in Induction of Resistance against <I>Xanthomonas campestris</I> Pv. <I>campestris</I> in Cabbage

“…Biochemical mechanisms in response to the stress are initiated such as biosynthesis of phenols, anthocyanin, phytoalexins and induction of enzymes activities associated with active oxygene species. Interestingly, BABA induces resistance in cauliflower, cabbage, brown mustard, sunflower and lettuce to disease, but it does not induce the accumulation of PR proteins (Silue et al, 2002;Kamble and Bhargava 2007;Amzalek and Cohen 2007;Cohen et al, 2010).…”

“…However, it induces a wide variety of defense mechanisms in the plants like accumulation of PR proteins involved in the antimicrobial activity, depending on the pathogen and its host plant (Altamiranda et al, 2008;Sasek et al, 2011). Interestingly, it has been observed that BABA induces resistance in cauliflower, cabbage, brown mustard, sunflower and lettuce against diseases, but it does not induce the accumulation of PR proteins (Silue et al, 2002;Amzalek and Cohen 2007;Kamble and Bhargava 2007;Cohen et al, 2010). Thus, it indicates that the accumulation of PR proteins is not the only mechanism of resistance in the plant.…”