Mechanisms of jamming in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model for traffic flow

Abstract

We study the Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata model for traffic flow by both simulations and analytical techniques. To better understand the nature of the jamming transition, we analyze the fraction of stopped cars P (v = 0) as a function of the mean car density. We present a simple argument that yields an estimate for the free density where jamming occurs, and show satisfying agreement with simulation results. We demonstrate that the fraction of jammed cars P (v ∈ {0,1}) can be decomposed into the three factors (jamming rate, jam lifetime, and jam size) for which we derive, from random walk arguments, exponents that control their scaling close to the critical density.

Fractional Dynamics of Individuals in Complex Networks

“…Despite the simplicity of their basic building blocks, complex systems, such as cooperative animal behavior [14], the flow of highway traffic [15], or the cascades of load shedding on power grids [16], are characterized by rich self-emergent behavior. However, since in most cases, solving a system of coupled nonlinear equations that trace the dynamics of a network composed of N units is not possible, the primary focus of investigations into complex networks has been on their global behavior [17].…”

Agent-Based Models in Social Physics

“…A typical example of a rule-based model is the Nagel-Schreckenberg model (NaSch model) that implements the traffic congestion phenomenon on the road with Cellular Automata [70]. This model has been extensively applied to study for understanding traffic congestion [71][72][73]. The Nasch model is a system of interacting particles driven far from equilibrium.…”

Trustworthy Vehicular CommunicationEmploying Multidimensional Diversificationfor Moving-target Defense

“…During the vehicles movement across the road, they might change their location from one lane to the other. The rules for updating the vehicles location with respect to the road lanes is as follows [6]:…”

“…This model ensures security and reliability of the data transmitted during V2V communication on a highway. A traffic flow model relying on Nagel-Schreckenberg rules for Cellular Automata (CA) is used to generate the base for road mapping, and vehicle behavior patterns including location and speed [6,7]. The proposed traffic flow model introduces a group of random vehicles moving in a two-lane highway.…”